Trends in traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Perth, Western Australia from 1997 to 2014

B. Beck, H. Tohira, J.E. Bray, L. Straney, E. Brown, M. Inoue, T.A. Williams, N. Mckenzie, Tony Celenza, P. Bailey, J. Finn

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    40 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Aim: This study aims to describe and compare traumatic and medical out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) occurring in Perth, Western Australia, between 1997 and 2014. Methods: The St John Ambulance Western Australia (SJA-WA) OHCA Database was used to identify all adult (≥16 years) cases. We calculated annual crude and age-sex standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) for traumatic and medical OHCA and investigated trends over time. Results: Over the study period, SJA-WA attended 1,354 traumatic OHCA and 16,076 medical OHCA cases. The mean annual crude incidence rate of traumatic OHCA in adults attended by SJA-WA was 6.0 per 100,000 (73.9 per 100,000 for medical cases), with the majority resulting from motor vehicle collisions (56.7%). We noted no change to either incidence or mechanism of injury over the study period ( p> 0.05). Compared to medical OHCA, traumatic OHCA cases were less likely to receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (20.4% vs. 24.5%, p= 0.001) or have resuscitation commenced by paramedics (38.9% vs. 44.8%, p<0.001). However, rates of bystander CPR and resuscitation commenced by paramedics increased significantly over time in traumatic OHCA ( p<0.001). In cases where resuscitation was commenced by paramedics there was no difference in the proportion who died at the scene (37.2% traumatic vs. 34.3% medical, p= 0.17), however, fewer traumatic OHCAs survived to hospital discharge (1.7% vs. 8.7%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Despite temporal increases in rates of bystander CPR and paramedic resuscitation, traumatic OHCA survival remains poor with only nine patients surviving from traumatic OHCA over the 18-year period.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)79-84
    Number of pages6
    JournalResuscitation
    Volume98
    Early online date24 Nov 2015
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2016

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