TY - JOUR
T1 - Tibetan ore deposits
T2 - A conjunction of accretionary orogeny and continental collision
AU - Deng, Jun
AU - Wang, Qingfei
AU - Sun, Xiang
AU - Yang, Lin
AU - Groves, David I.
AU - Shu, Qihai
AU - Gao, Liang
AU - Yang, Liqiang
AU - Qiu, Kunfeng
AU - Wang, Changming
AU - Dong, Chaoyi
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91855217, 42125203, 41973040, 42102107), the National Key Research and Development Project of China (2020YFA0714802, 2016YFC0600307, 2022YFF0800902), the National Key Basic Research Development Program (973 Program; 2015CB452606), and the 111 Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (BP0719021). We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions, and to Arturo Gomez-Tuena for his efficient editorial handling.
Funding Information:
This research was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 91855217 , 42125203 , 41973040 , 42102107 ), the National Key Research and Development Project of China ( 2020YFA0714802 , 2016YFC0600307 , 2022YFF0800902 ), the National Key Basic Research Development Program ( 973 Program ; 2015CB452606 ), and the 111 Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology ( BP0719021 ). We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions, and to Arturo Gomez-Tuena for his efficient editorial handling.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - This paper reviews the spatial-temporal distribution, geological and geochemical features, and geophysical context of diverse types of Cenozoic ore deposits formed during India-Eurasia continental collision in Tibet, in order to shed new light on their genesis and their control by mantle lithosphere. The parental magmas for porphyry-skarn Cu (± Mo ± Au) deposits were derived from metal-rich pre-Cenozoic juvenile crust, and the high magma oxidation state was controlled by involved mantle-derived basic magmas and thickened crust condition; magma emplacement was controlled by structures related both to tears in the subducting continental slab to deep and to mantle-crust decoupling parts at depth. Orogenic Au deposits mostly formed intermittently from hydrothermal fluids formed by devolatilization of earlier-fertilized mantle lithosphere that was triggered by asthenosphere upwelling; they were largely controlled by lithosphere-scale shear systems that reactivated earlier-formed suture zones. Giant MVT Zn[sbnd]Pb deposits, hosted by ancient oil reservoirs, formed during salt diapirism and infiltration of metal-rich basinal brines related to crustal-scale channel flow. The diverse range of ore deposits was derived predominantly through release of metal and fluid components, introduced into the crust and mantle lithosphere that occurred in the earlier oceanic subduction during anomalous lithosphere-scale deformation. The metallogenic history of collisional orogens contrasts with those of accretionary orogens.
AB - This paper reviews the spatial-temporal distribution, geological and geochemical features, and geophysical context of diverse types of Cenozoic ore deposits formed during India-Eurasia continental collision in Tibet, in order to shed new light on their genesis and their control by mantle lithosphere. The parental magmas for porphyry-skarn Cu (± Mo ± Au) deposits were derived from metal-rich pre-Cenozoic juvenile crust, and the high magma oxidation state was controlled by involved mantle-derived basic magmas and thickened crust condition; magma emplacement was controlled by structures related both to tears in the subducting continental slab to deep and to mantle-crust decoupling parts at depth. Orogenic Au deposits mostly formed intermittently from hydrothermal fluids formed by devolatilization of earlier-fertilized mantle lithosphere that was triggered by asthenosphere upwelling; they were largely controlled by lithosphere-scale shear systems that reactivated earlier-formed suture zones. Giant MVT Zn[sbnd]Pb deposits, hosted by ancient oil reservoirs, formed during salt diapirism and infiltration of metal-rich basinal brines related to crustal-scale channel flow. The diverse range of ore deposits was derived predominantly through release of metal and fluid components, introduced into the crust and mantle lithosphere that occurred in the earlier oceanic subduction during anomalous lithosphere-scale deformation. The metallogenic history of collisional orogens contrasts with those of accretionary orogens.
KW - Geodynamic triggers
KW - MVT Zn[sbnd]Pb deposit
KW - Orogenic Au deposit
KW - Porphyry-skarn Cu (± Mo ± Au) deposit
KW - Tibetan Plateau
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142529256&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104245
DO - 10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104245
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85142529256
SN - 0012-8252
VL - 235
JO - Earth-Science Reviews
JF - Earth-Science Reviews
M1 - 104245
ER -