The synergistic effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles on the biomimetic remineralization of dental enamel

Remineralizing dental enamel is an important intervention strategy for treating demineralized lesions. Existing approaches have limitations, such as failure to adequately reproduce both the ideal structural and mechanical properties of the native tooth. Therefore, the novel interventional approach involving the synergistic effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound coupled with calcium phosphate ion clusters was investigated. The micro/nano hardness testing and scanning electron microscope examination of the repaired enamel revealed the recovery of mechanical properties along with its microstructures, respectively. Critical to our aspirations for developing this into a clinical process, these results were achieved in only 5 min.