TY - JOUR
T1 - The significance of CYP11A1 expression in skin physiology and pathology
AU - Slominski, R. M.
AU - Raman, C.
AU - Elmets, C.
AU - Jetten, A. M.
AU - Slominski, A. T.
AU - Tuckey, R. C.
PY - 2021/6/15
Y1 - 2021/6/15
N2 - CYP11A1, a member of the cytochrome P450 family, plays several key roles in the human body. It catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis, converting cholesterol to pregnenolone. Aside from the classical steroidogenic tissues such as the adrenals, gonads and placenta, CYP11A1 has also been found in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, immune systems, and finally the skin. CYP11A1 activity in the skin is regulated predominately by StAR protein and hence cholesterol levels in the mitochondria. However, UVB, UVC, CRH, ACTH, cAMP, and cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα can also regulate its expression and activity. Indeed, CYP11A1 plays several critical roles in the skin through its initiation of local steroidogenesis and specific metabolism of vitamin D, lumisterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol. Products of these pathways regulate the protective barrier and skin immune functions in a context-dependent fashion through interactions with a number of receptors. Disturbances in CYP11A1 activity can lead to skin pathology.
AB - CYP11A1, a member of the cytochrome P450 family, plays several key roles in the human body. It catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis, converting cholesterol to pregnenolone. Aside from the classical steroidogenic tissues such as the adrenals, gonads and placenta, CYP11A1 has also been found in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, immune systems, and finally the skin. CYP11A1 activity in the skin is regulated predominately by StAR protein and hence cholesterol levels in the mitochondria. However, UVB, UVC, CRH, ACTH, cAMP, and cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα can also regulate its expression and activity. Indeed, CYP11A1 plays several critical roles in the skin through its initiation of local steroidogenesis and specific metabolism of vitamin D, lumisterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol. Products of these pathways regulate the protective barrier and skin immune functions in a context-dependent fashion through interactions with a number of receptors. Disturbances in CYP11A1 activity can lead to skin pathology.
KW - Corticosteroid biosynthesis
KW - CYP11A1
KW - Hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenal axis
KW - Lumisterol
KW - Neuroendocrine functions of the skin
KW - Secosteroids
KW - Skin
KW - Skin barrier function
KW - Skin immune activity
KW - Steroids
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105271277&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111238
DO - 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111238
M3 - Article
C2 - 33716049
AN - SCOPUS:85105271277
SN - 0303-7207
VL - 530
JO - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
JF - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
M1 - 111238
ER -