The effect of spaceflight and microgravity on the human brain

Angelique Van Ombergen, Athena Demertzi, Elena Tomilovskaya, Ben Jeurissen, Jan Sijbers, Inessa B. Kozlovskaya, Paul M. Parizel, Paul H. Van de Heyning, Stefan Sunaert, Steven Laureys, Floris L. Wuyts

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

128 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Microgravity, confinement, isolation, and immobilization are just some of the features astronauts have to cope with during space missions. Consequently, long-duration space travel can have detrimental effects on human physiology. Although research has focused on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system in particular, the exact impact of spaceflight on the human central nervous system remains to be determined. Previous studies have reported psychological problems, cephalic fluid shifts, neurovestibular problems, and cognitive alterations, but there is paucity in the knowledge of the underlying neural substrates. Previous space analogue studies and preliminary spaceflight studies have shown an involvement of the cerebellum, cortical sensorimotor, and somatosensory areas and the vestibular pathways. Extending this knowledge is crucial, especially in view of long-duration interplanetary missions (e.g., Mars missions) and space tourism. In addition, the acquired insight could be relevant for vestibular patients, patients with neurodegenerative disorders, as well as the elderly population, coping with multisensory deficit syndromes, immobilization, and inactivity.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)18-22
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of Neurology
Volume264
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Oct 2017
Externally publishedYes

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