TY - CHAP
T1 - Soil organic carbon dynamics
T2 - Impact of land use changes and management practices: A review
AU - Ramesh, Thangavel
AU - Bolan, Nanthi S.
AU - Kirkham, Mary Beth
AU - Wijesekara, Hasintha
AU - Kanchikerimath, Manjaiah
AU - Srinivasa Rao, Cherukumalli
AU - Sandeep, Sasidharan
AU - Rinklebe, Jörg
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
AU - Choudhury, Burhan U.
AU - Wang, Hailong
AU - Tang, Caixian
AU - Wang, Xiaojuan
AU - Song, Zhaoliang
AU - Freeman, Oliver W.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Global climate change has resulted in changes to the earth's geological, ecological, and biological ecosystems, which pose a severe threat to the existence of human civilization and sustenance of agricultural productivity vis-à-vis food security. In the last several decades, climate change has been linked to erratic rainfall distribution patterns and large variations in diurnal temperatures, because of a rise in atmospheric CO 2 concentration. This, in turn, is thought to make world agricultural production systems more prone to failure. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important component for the functioning of agro-ecosystems, and its presence is central to the concept of sustainable maintenance of soil health. Soil is the largest terrestrial carbon sink and contains 2- and 3-times more carbon than the carbon in the atmosphere and vegetation, respectively. Therefore, a meager change in soil carbon sequestration will have a drastic impact on the global carbon cycle and climate change. The SOC has different pools and fractions including total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), permanganate oxidizable carbon (KMnO 4 -C), and mineral associated organic carbon (MOC). Each has a varying degree of decomposition rate and stability. Researchers have identified many ways to offset the effect of climate change through modification of carbon sequestration in the soil. Identification of location-specific, suitable land use and management practices is one of the options to mitigate the impact of the climate change. It can be done by re-balancing different carbon pools and emission fluxes. Labile organic carbon pools including MBC, POC, and KMnO 4 -C are the most sensitive indicators for assessing soil quality after the adoption of alternate land use and management practices. Information on soil aggregation and SOC stabilization helps for long-term sequestration of carbon in the soil. Here we review the progress of work on SOC dynamics in the major ecosystems of the world. The information should enrich understanding of carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation strategies.
AB - Global climate change has resulted in changes to the earth's geological, ecological, and biological ecosystems, which pose a severe threat to the existence of human civilization and sustenance of agricultural productivity vis-à-vis food security. In the last several decades, climate change has been linked to erratic rainfall distribution patterns and large variations in diurnal temperatures, because of a rise in atmospheric CO 2 concentration. This, in turn, is thought to make world agricultural production systems more prone to failure. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important component for the functioning of agro-ecosystems, and its presence is central to the concept of sustainable maintenance of soil health. Soil is the largest terrestrial carbon sink and contains 2- and 3-times more carbon than the carbon in the atmosphere and vegetation, respectively. Therefore, a meager change in soil carbon sequestration will have a drastic impact on the global carbon cycle and climate change. The SOC has different pools and fractions including total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), permanganate oxidizable carbon (KMnO 4 -C), and mineral associated organic carbon (MOC). Each has a varying degree of decomposition rate and stability. Researchers have identified many ways to offset the effect of climate change through modification of carbon sequestration in the soil. Identification of location-specific, suitable land use and management practices is one of the options to mitigate the impact of the climate change. It can be done by re-balancing different carbon pools and emission fluxes. Labile organic carbon pools including MBC, POC, and KMnO 4 -C are the most sensitive indicators for assessing soil quality after the adoption of alternate land use and management practices. Information on soil aggregation and SOC stabilization helps for long-term sequestration of carbon in the soil. Here we review the progress of work on SOC dynamics in the major ecosystems of the world. The information should enrich understanding of carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation strategies.
KW - CO2 efflux
KW - Global climate change
KW - Land use change
KW - Management practices
KW - SOC fractions
KW - Soil aggregation
KW - Soil organic carbon dynamics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062391568&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/bs.agron.2019.02.001
DO - 10.1016/bs.agron.2019.02.001
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85062391568
SN - 9780128175989
VL - 156
T3 - Advances in Agronomy
SP - 1
EP - 107
BT - Advances in Agronomy
A2 - Sparks, Donald L.
PB - Academic Press
ER -
