TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of ethylene in ER stress and the unfolded protein response in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants
AU - Czékus, Zalán
AU - Szalai, Gabriella
AU - Tari, Irma
AU - Khan, M. Iqbal R.
AU - Poór, Péter
PY - 2022/6/15
Y1 - 2022/6/15
N2 - The unfolded protein response (UPR) plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is highly dependent on the regulation of defense-related phytohormones. In this study, the role of ethylene (ET) in ER stress and UPR was investigated in the leaves of intact tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Exogenous application of the ET precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid not only resulted in higher ET emission from leaves but also increased the expression of the UPR marker gene SlBiP and the transcript levels of the ER stress sensor SlIRE1, as well as the levels of SlbZIP60, after 24 h in tomato leaves. Using ET receptor Never ripe (Nr) mutants, a significant role of ET in tunicamycin (Tm)-induced ER stress sensing and signaling was confirmed based on the changes in the expression levels of SlIRE1b and SlBiP. Furthermore, the analysis of other defense-related phytohormones showed that the Tm-induced ET can affect positively the levels of and response to salicylic acid. Additionally, it was found that nitric oxide production and lipid peroxidation, as well as the electrolyte leakage induced by Tm, is regulated by ET, whereas the levels of H2O2 and proteolytic activity seemed to be independent of ET under ER stress in the leaves of tomato plants.
AB - The unfolded protein response (UPR) plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is highly dependent on the regulation of defense-related phytohormones. In this study, the role of ethylene (ET) in ER stress and UPR was investigated in the leaves of intact tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Exogenous application of the ET precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid not only resulted in higher ET emission from leaves but also increased the expression of the UPR marker gene SlBiP and the transcript levels of the ER stress sensor SlIRE1, as well as the levels of SlbZIP60, after 24 h in tomato leaves. Using ET receptor Never ripe (Nr) mutants, a significant role of ET in tunicamycin (Tm)-induced ER stress sensing and signaling was confirmed based on the changes in the expression levels of SlIRE1b and SlBiP. Furthermore, the analysis of other defense-related phytohormones showed that the Tm-induced ET can affect positively the levels of and response to salicylic acid. Additionally, it was found that nitric oxide production and lipid peroxidation, as well as the electrolyte leakage induced by Tm, is regulated by ET, whereas the levels of H2O2 and proteolytic activity seemed to be independent of ET under ER stress in the leaves of tomato plants.
KW - ER stress
KW - Ethylene
KW - Jasmonic acid
KW - Nitric oxide
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Salicylic acid
KW - Unfolded protein response
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128235177&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.031
DO - 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.031
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35421744
AN - SCOPUS:85128235177
SN - 0981-9428
VL - 181
SP - 1
EP - 11
JO - Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
JF - Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
ER -