TY - JOUR
T1 - Poor intentional inhibition in individuals predisposed to hallucinations
AU - Paulik, G.
AU - Mayberry, Murray
AU - Badcock, Johanna
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Introduction. Intentional inhibition deficits have been found in hallucinating individuals with schizophrenia using the Inhibition of Currently Irrelevant Memories (ICIM) task. This study sought to investigate whether similar difficulties are found in healthy individuals predisposed to hallucinations. Methods. The Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale-Revised (LSHS-R) was completed by 589 undergraduate students, from which high- and low-predisposed groups were drawn. On the ICIM task, participants were asked to identify within-run picture repetitions, requiring them to inhibit memory traces of the same items seen in previous runs. Results. Compared to the low LSHS-R group, the high LSHS-R group showed significantly increased false alarms on critical "inhibitory" runs (incorrectly identifying previous-run items as within-run repetitions), but no group differences were found in first-run false alarms or in the identification of within-run targets. These results were specific to hallucination predisposition and could not be explained by other schizophrenia-related characteristics. Conclusions. Individuals predisposed to hallucinations show subtle, though consistent difficulties with intentional inhibition similar to patients with hallucinations. These findings demonstrate a continuity of cognitive processes in individuals predisposed to hallucinations and in patients with schizophrenia who hallucinate, consistent with a common neurodevelopmental pathway.
AB - Introduction. Intentional inhibition deficits have been found in hallucinating individuals with schizophrenia using the Inhibition of Currently Irrelevant Memories (ICIM) task. This study sought to investigate whether similar difficulties are found in healthy individuals predisposed to hallucinations. Methods. The Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale-Revised (LSHS-R) was completed by 589 undergraduate students, from which high- and low-predisposed groups were drawn. On the ICIM task, participants were asked to identify within-run picture repetitions, requiring them to inhibit memory traces of the same items seen in previous runs. Results. Compared to the low LSHS-R group, the high LSHS-R group showed significantly increased false alarms on critical "inhibitory" runs (incorrectly identifying previous-run items as within-run repetitions), but no group differences were found in first-run false alarms or in the identification of within-run targets. These results were specific to hallucination predisposition and could not be explained by other schizophrenia-related characteristics. Conclusions. Individuals predisposed to hallucinations show subtle, though consistent difficulties with intentional inhibition similar to patients with hallucinations. These findings demonstrate a continuity of cognitive processes in individuals predisposed to hallucinations and in patients with schizophrenia who hallucinate, consistent with a common neurodevelopmental pathway.
U2 - 10.1080/13546800701394329
DO - 10.1080/13546800701394329
M3 - Article
VL - 12
SP - 457
EP - 470
JO - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
JF - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
SN - 1354-6805
IS - 5
ER -