Abstract
Horsetails (Equisetum, Equisetaceae) are one of the oldest groups of vascular plants with a nearly continuous fossil record dating back to the Carboniferous. Only a few studies have addressed relationships among and within the extant members of this fern genus. We here present the first complete phylogenetic analysis of one or more samples of all extant species covering the full geographical range. Using three plastid loci, we evaluate species limits, taxon circumscription and inter-relationships. Several known hybrids were also included to confirm their parentage. All species for which we included multiple samples are found to form discrete groups, but many infraspecific taxa appear not to warrant recognition. We found strong support for the placement of E. bogotense as sister to the rest of the genus, supporting recognition of a third subgenus in Equisetum, described in this paper as E. subgenus Paramochaete. We have evidence for acceptance of additional species, E. braunii and E. xylochaetum. We accept the American E. praealtum as separate from E. hyemale and we tentatively recognize two varieties in E. ramosissimum. A nomenclatural checklist, including accepted taxa, synonymy and distributions, is provided. Two new combinations are made and 77 names are typified.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 311-352 |
| Number of pages | 42 |
| Journal | Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |
| Volume | 189 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 27 Mar 2019 |
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Phylogenetics, classification and typification of extant horsetails (Equisetum, Equisetaceae). / Christenhusz, Maarten J.M.; Bangiolo, Lois; Chase, Mark W.; Fay, Michael F.; Husby, Chad; Witkus, Marika; Viruel, Juan.
In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Vol. 189, No. 4, 27.03.2019, p. 311-352.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Phylogenetics, classification and typification of extant horsetails (Equisetum, Equisetaceae)
AU - Christenhusz, Maarten J.M.
AU - Bangiolo, Lois
AU - Chase, Mark W.
AU - Fay, Michael F.
AU - Husby, Chad
AU - Witkus, Marika
AU - Viruel, Juan
PY - 2019/3/27
Y1 - 2019/3/27
N2 - Horsetails (Equisetum, Equisetaceae) are one of the oldest groups of vascular plants with a nearly continuous fossil record dating back to the Carboniferous. Only a few studies have addressed relationships among and within the extant members of this fern genus. We here present the first complete phylogenetic analysis of one or more samples of all extant species covering the full geographical range. Using three plastid loci, we evaluate species limits, taxon circumscription and inter-relationships. Several known hybrids were also included to confirm their parentage. All species for which we included multiple samples are found to form discrete groups, but many infraspecific taxa appear not to warrant recognition. We found strong support for the placement of E. bogotense as sister to the rest of the genus, supporting recognition of a third subgenus in Equisetum, described in this paper as E. subgenus Paramochaete. We have evidence for acceptance of additional species, E. braunii and E. xylochaetum. We accept the American E. praealtum as separate from E. hyemale and we tentatively recognize two varieties in E. ramosissimum. A nomenclatural checklist, including accepted taxa, synonymy and distributions, is provided. Two new combinations are made and 77 names are typified.
AB - Horsetails (Equisetum, Equisetaceae) are one of the oldest groups of vascular plants with a nearly continuous fossil record dating back to the Carboniferous. Only a few studies have addressed relationships among and within the extant members of this fern genus. We here present the first complete phylogenetic analysis of one or more samples of all extant species covering the full geographical range. Using three plastid loci, we evaluate species limits, taxon circumscription and inter-relationships. Several known hybrids were also included to confirm their parentage. All species for which we included multiple samples are found to form discrete groups, but many infraspecific taxa appear not to warrant recognition. We found strong support for the placement of E. bogotense as sister to the rest of the genus, supporting recognition of a third subgenus in Equisetum, described in this paper as E. subgenus Paramochaete. We have evidence for acceptance of additional species, E. braunii and E. xylochaetum. We accept the American E. praealtum as separate from E. hyemale and we tentatively recognize two varieties in E. ramosissimum. A nomenclatural checklist, including accepted taxa, synonymy and distributions, is provided. Two new combinations are made and 77 names are typified.
KW - ferns
KW - genetics
KW - hybrids
KW - phylogeny
KW - species delimitation
KW - systematics
KW - taxonomic revision
KW - taxonomy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064160519&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/botlinnean/boz002
DO - 10.1093/botlinnean/boz002
M3 - Article
VL - 189
SP - 311
EP - 352
JO - Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
JF - Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
SN - 0024-4074
IS - 4
ER -