TY - JOUR
T1 - Photoprotective Properties of Vitamin D and Lumisterol Hydroxyderivatives
AU - Slominski, Andrzej T.
AU - Chaiprasongsuk, Anyamanee
AU - Janjetovic, Zorica
AU - Kim, Tae Kang
AU - Stefan, Joanna
AU - Slominski, Radomir M.
AU - Hanumanthu, Vidya Sagar
AU - Raman, Chander
AU - Qayyum, Shariq
AU - Song, Yuwei
AU - Song, Yuhua
AU - Panich, Uraiwan
AU - Crossman, David K.
AU - Athar, Mohammad
AU - Holick, Michael F.
AU - Jetten, Anton M.
AU - Zmijewski, Michal A.
AU - Zmijewski, Jaroslaw
AU - Tuckey, Robert C.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - We have previously described new pathways of vitamin D3 activation by CYP11A1 to produce a variety of metabolites including 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3. These can be further hydroxylated by CYP27B1 to produce their C1α-hydroxyderivatives. CYP11A1 similarly initiates the metabolism of lumisterol (L3) through sequential hydroxylation of the side chain to produce 20(OH)L3, 22(OH)L3, 20,22(OH)2L3 and 24(OH)L3. CYP11A1 also acts on 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) producing 22(OH)7DHC, 20,22(OH)27DHC and 7-dehydropregnenolone (7DHP) which can be converted to the D3 and L3 configurations following exposure to UVB. These CYP11A1-derived compounds are produced in vivo and are biologically active displaying anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and pro-differentiation properties. Since the protective role of the classical form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) against UVB-induced damage is recognized, we recently tested whether novel CYP11A1-derived D3- and L3-hydroxyderivatives protect against UVB-induced damage in epidermal human keratinocytes and melanocytes. We found that along with 1,25(OH)2D3, CYP11A1-derived D3-hydroxyderivatives and L3 and its hydroxyderivatives exert photoprotective effects. These included induction of intracellular free radical scavenging and attenuation and repair of DNA damage. The protection of human keratinocytes against DNA damage included the activation of the NRF2-regulated antioxidant response, p53-phosphorylation and its translocation to the nucleus, and DNA repair induction. These data indicate that novel derivatives of vitamin D3 and lumisterol are promising photoprotective agents. However, detailed mechanisms of action, and the involvement of specific nuclear receptors, other vitamin D binding proteins or mitochondria, remain to be established.
AB - We have previously described new pathways of vitamin D3 activation by CYP11A1 to produce a variety of metabolites including 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3. These can be further hydroxylated by CYP27B1 to produce their C1α-hydroxyderivatives. CYP11A1 similarly initiates the metabolism of lumisterol (L3) through sequential hydroxylation of the side chain to produce 20(OH)L3, 22(OH)L3, 20,22(OH)2L3 and 24(OH)L3. CYP11A1 also acts on 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) producing 22(OH)7DHC, 20,22(OH)27DHC and 7-dehydropregnenolone (7DHP) which can be converted to the D3 and L3 configurations following exposure to UVB. These CYP11A1-derived compounds are produced in vivo and are biologically active displaying anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and pro-differentiation properties. Since the protective role of the classical form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) against UVB-induced damage is recognized, we recently tested whether novel CYP11A1-derived D3- and L3-hydroxyderivatives protect against UVB-induced damage in epidermal human keratinocytes and melanocytes. We found that along with 1,25(OH)2D3, CYP11A1-derived D3-hydroxyderivatives and L3 and its hydroxyderivatives exert photoprotective effects. These included induction of intracellular free radical scavenging and attenuation and repair of DNA damage. The protection of human keratinocytes against DNA damage included the activation of the NRF2-regulated antioxidant response, p53-phosphorylation and its translocation to the nucleus, and DNA repair induction. These data indicate that novel derivatives of vitamin D3 and lumisterol are promising photoprotective agents. However, detailed mechanisms of action, and the involvement of specific nuclear receptors, other vitamin D binding proteins or mitochondria, remain to be established.
KW - DNA damage
KW - Lumisterol
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Skin
KW - Ultraviolet B
KW - Vitamin D
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085321951&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12013-020-00913-6
DO - 10.1007/s12013-020-00913-6
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32441029
AN - SCOPUS:85085321951
SN - 1085-9195
VL - 78
SP - 165
EP - 180
JO - Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
JF - Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
IS - 2
ER -
