Photons promise an exciting route to quantum computing

An advance scheme based on massive optical nonlinearly induced by single-photon detection for the optical quantum computing is presented. An optical quantum computer, which encodes quantum information in single photons, has emerged as a leading approach. Single photons make excellent quantum bits, or qubits (two level quantum mechanical systems), because they are very well isolated from their environment. This approach is quite opposite to all other physical systems exhibiting-mechanical phenomena, which are typically very small and very cold as they are subject to numerous disturbances from their environment. Knill, Laflamme and Milburn (KLM) scheme model, which is based on inducing such a nonlinearly via single photon detection, was proposed in 2001. Some improvements have been made to the original KLM scheme with several experimental demonstrations of fundamental quantum logic gates.