TY - JOUR
T1 - ‘Omics’ approaches in developing combined drought and heat tolerance in food crops
AU - Bhardwaj, Anjali
AU - Devi, Poonam
AU - Chaudhary, Shikha
AU - Rani, Anju
AU - Jha, Uday Chand
AU - Kumar, Shiv
AU - Bindumadhava, H.
AU - Prasad, P. V.Vara
AU - Sharma, Kamal Dev
AU - Siddique, Kadambot H.M.
AU - Nayyar, Harsh
PY - 2022/3
Y1 - 2022/3
N2 - Global climate change will significantly increase the intensity and frequency of hot, dry days. The simultaneous occurrence of drought and heat stress is also likely to increase, influencing various agronomic characteristics, such as biomass and other growth traits, phenology, and yield-contributing traits, of various crops. At the same time, vital physiological traits will be seriously disrupted, including leaf water content, canopy temperature depression, membrane stability, photosynthesis, and related attributes such as chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Several metabolic processes contributing to general growth and development will be restricted, along with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that negatively affect cellular homeostasis. Plants have adaptive defense strategies, such as ROS-scavenging mechanisms, osmolyte production, secondary metabolite modulation, and different phytohormones, which can help distinguish tolerant crop genotypes. Understanding plant responses to combined drought/heat stress at various organizational levels is vital for developing stress-resilient crops. Elucidating the genomic, proteomic, and metabolic responses of various crops, particularly tolerant genotypes, to identify tolerance mechanisms will markedly enhance the continuing efforts to introduce combined drought/heat stress tolerance. Besides agronomic management, genetic engineering and molecular breeding approaches have great potential in this direction.
AB - Global climate change will significantly increase the intensity and frequency of hot, dry days. The simultaneous occurrence of drought and heat stress is also likely to increase, influencing various agronomic characteristics, such as biomass and other growth traits, phenology, and yield-contributing traits, of various crops. At the same time, vital physiological traits will be seriously disrupted, including leaf water content, canopy temperature depression, membrane stability, photosynthesis, and related attributes such as chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Several metabolic processes contributing to general growth and development will be restricted, along with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that negatively affect cellular homeostasis. Plants have adaptive defense strategies, such as ROS-scavenging mechanisms, osmolyte production, secondary metabolite modulation, and different phytohormones, which can help distinguish tolerant crop genotypes. Understanding plant responses to combined drought/heat stress at various organizational levels is vital for developing stress-resilient crops. Elucidating the genomic, proteomic, and metabolic responses of various crops, particularly tolerant genotypes, to identify tolerance mechanisms will markedly enhance the continuing efforts to introduce combined drought/heat stress tolerance. Besides agronomic management, genetic engineering and molecular breeding approaches have great potential in this direction.
KW - Cereals
KW - Genomics
KW - High temperature
KW - Legumes
KW - Metabolomics
KW - Proteomics
KW - Water stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109280318&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00299-021-02742-0
DO - 10.1007/s00299-021-02742-0
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34223931
AN - SCOPUS:85109280318
SN - 0721-7714
VL - 41
SP - 699
EP - 739
JO - Plant Cell Reports
JF - Plant Cell Reports
IS - 3
ER -