Nutritional and Genotoxic stress contributes to diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease

The global epidemic indicates that one third of adults in the United States and over 11% of these individuals have diabetes with the incidence of diabetes predicted to increase to 21% by 2050. In various continents the rise in the global diabetes epidemic has been associated with cell suicide in various organs that are related to obesity, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutics to control and stabilize the severity of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes in various communities are required to prevent mental illness and early cellular senescence that is connected to the lifespan of diabetics. The increased cell senescence in diabetes has been associated with the limited ability of cells to divide with indication of telomere shortening and genomic instability connected to cell suicide. Diet and liver diseases are closely connected and are of central importance with aging and programmed cell death pathways. Nutritional therapy and appetite control have become of central importance to nutrigenomics as early nutritional therapy may assist genes to delay liver and brain diseases associated with insulin resistance, cancer and aging. Interests in the global epidemic in Type 2 diabetes has been associated with accelerated dementia and even to progression to Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Anti-aging therapies such as diet, lifestyle and selective drug therapy early in life may prevent calorie overload and activation of calorie sensitive gene Sirtuin 1 that control genotoxic stress in cardiovascular disease and diabetes that accelerates aging, PD and AD.