Abstract
[Truncated] This thesis concerns a new photonic technology based on hollow-core photonic-crystal fibre (HC-PCF) that has been loaded with an atomic vapour. It was demonstrated that this technology may have important applications in the fields of metrology and quantum optics. Furthermore, the small size and robustness of HC-PCF allows these devices to potentially be miniaturised for possible commercial and industrial applications.
By filling the HC-PCF with an atomic vapour, excellent light-atom coupling can be attained as both the atoms and light are confined within the same volume. The small transverse dimensions of the fibre’s optical mode leads to high intensities at low input powers, enabling efficient driving of non-linear transitions which would otherwise be difficult with free-space optical systems. Additionally, long interaction lengths, obtained through an arbitrary length of HC-PCF, lead to large optical depths on these typically weak non-linear transitions. The non-linear transition employed here is the 5S1/2 → 5D5/2 rubidium (Rb) two-photon transition. This system is of great interest due to its non-linearity, long excited state lifetime, efficient excitation and large optical depth attained within the HC-PCF.
A number of methods for loading a HC-PCF with Rb are discussed, along with proposed ideas for making this process more efficient. Spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate the effect of the fibre’s confined geometry upon the atomic spectra. Extensive theoretical modelling was employed to confirm the observed spectra and give insight to the mechanisms behind the observations. Using this experimental and theoretical knowledge, two applications were targeted: optical atomic frequency standards; and cross phase modulation for quantum logic gates.
By filling the HC-PCF with an atomic vapour, excellent light-atom coupling can be attained as both the atoms and light are confined within the same volume. The small transverse dimensions of the fibre’s optical mode leads to high intensities at low input powers, enabling efficient driving of non-linear transitions which would otherwise be difficult with free-space optical systems. Additionally, long interaction lengths, obtained through an arbitrary length of HC-PCF, lead to large optical depths on these typically weak non-linear transitions. The non-linear transition employed here is the 5S1/2 → 5D5/2 rubidium (Rb) two-photon transition. This system is of great interest due to its non-linearity, long excited state lifetime, efficient excitation and large optical depth attained within the HC-PCF.
A number of methods for loading a HC-PCF with Rb are discussed, along with proposed ideas for making this process more efficient. Spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate the effect of the fibre’s confined geometry upon the atomic spectra. Extensive theoretical modelling was employed to confirm the observed spectra and give insight to the mechanisms behind the observations. Using this experimental and theoretical knowledge, two applications were targeted: optical atomic frequency standards; and cross phase modulation for quantum logic gates.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Qualification | Doctor of Philosophy |
| Publication status | Unpublished - 2013 |