Noise properties of cryogenic microwave amplifiers and relevance to oscillator frequency stabilization

Physics & Astronomy

• microwave amplifiers 98%
• cryogenics 63%
• stabilization 57%
• amplifiers 54%
• oscillators 50%
• electromagnetic measurement 35%
• noise spectra 25%
• cryogenic temperature 24%
• noise measurement 24%
• ambient temperature 22%
• low noise 21%
• microwaves 15%
• room temperature 12%
• electrons 9%
• energy 6%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Microwave amplifiers 100%
• Cryogenics 71%
• Stabilization 57%
• Phase noise 36%
• Electrons 34%
• Microwaves 29%
• Temperature 27%