TY - JOUR
T1 - Metal-based cathodes for hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis
T2 - Review of materials, degradation mechanism, and durability tests
AU - Esfandiari, Naeemeh
AU - Aliofkhazraei, Mahmood
AU - Colli, Alejandro N.
AU - Walsh, Frank C.
AU - Cherevko, Serhiy
AU - Kibler, Ludwig A.
AU - Elnagar, Mohamed M.
AU - Lund, Peter D.
AU - Zhang, Dongke
AU - Omanovic, Sasha
AU - Lee, Jaeyoung
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2024/8
Y1 - 2024/8
N2 - The Department of Energy (DOE) has identified the reduction of H2 production costs as a prominent objective. Therefore, any factor that influences the system's functionality and subsequently production cost is deemed significant. The stability of the cathode is a crucial factor in ensuring high operational reliability; however, its treatment in the existing literature remains inadequate. This review aims to identify the key challenges associated with the stability of HER electrodes and provides a comprehensive understanding of various cathodic degradation mechanisms. In the present investigation, genuine circumstances encountered by cathodes in the industrial sector are considered. Special attention is devoted to Fe-based materials, which are deemed favorable and economical options, whereas the deterioration mechanism of Ni-based counterparts, such as cutting-edge materials, is scrutinized. Furthermore, the limitations of using the E-pH diagram, which is a commonly employed tool for predicting stable phases under specific conditions, are discussed. In addition, the cost implications of developing alkaline water electrolyzer (AWEL) stacks are considered. Finally, a comprehensive discussion is presented on the durability of cathode plates, including an analysis of the factors that impact their predicted lifetime and protocols that facilitate the acquisition of more realistic stability results.
AB - The Department of Energy (DOE) has identified the reduction of H2 production costs as a prominent objective. Therefore, any factor that influences the system's functionality and subsequently production cost is deemed significant. The stability of the cathode is a crucial factor in ensuring high operational reliability; however, its treatment in the existing literature remains inadequate. This review aims to identify the key challenges associated with the stability of HER electrodes and provides a comprehensive understanding of various cathodic degradation mechanisms. In the present investigation, genuine circumstances encountered by cathodes in the industrial sector are considered. Special attention is devoted to Fe-based materials, which are deemed favorable and economical options, whereas the deterioration mechanism of Ni-based counterparts, such as cutting-edge materials, is scrutinized. Furthermore, the limitations of using the E-pH diagram, which is a commonly employed tool for predicting stable phases under specific conditions, are discussed. In addition, the cost implications of developing alkaline water electrolyzer (AWEL) stacks are considered. Finally, a comprehensive discussion is presented on the durability of cathode plates, including an analysis of the factors that impact their predicted lifetime and protocols that facilitate the acquisition of more realistic stability results.
KW - Alkaline Water Electrolysis
KW - Bipolar Plates
KW - Cathodic Degradation
KW - Cost
KW - Durability
KW - Electrolyzer
KW - Lifetime Estimation
KW - Stability
KW - Stainless Steel
KW - Water Splitting
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85187229228&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101254
DO - 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101254
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85187229228
SN - 0079-6425
VL - 144
JO - Progress in Materials Science
JF - Progress in Materials Science
M1 - 101254
ER -