TY - CHAP
T1 - Lead in soils
T2 - sources, bioavailability, plant uptake, and remediation
AU - Srivastava, Prashant
AU - Bolan, Nanthi
AU - Casagrande, Verônica
AU - Benjamin, Joshua
AU - Adejumo, Sifau A.
AU - Sabir, Muhammad
AU - Farooqi, Zia Ur Rahman
AU - Saifullah,
AU - Sarkar, Abhijit
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/8/19
Y1 - 2022/8/19
N2 - Lead (Pb) is a persistent toxic element with no beneficial properties for living beings. Apart from geogenic sources, anthropogenic activities like mining, smelting, paints, Pb-acid battery industries, municipal and industrial dumps and wastewaters, vehicular exhaust, and household dust are responsible for its contamination in soil. Pb bioavailability in soil depends on Pb concentration in the soil, soil type, pH, soil organic matter, Fe- and Mn-oxides, soil flora and fauna, and soil water content. Pb uptake by plants is determined by external/environmental factors, such as soil pH, organic matter and clay contents, and internal/plant factors, such as plant species, plant growth stage, plant root system, production of root exudates, plant metabolites, and transporters. Remediation of Pb-contaminated soils involves in-situ and ex-situ approaches, including physical, chemical, and biological techniques. Physical remediation includes soil replacement, excavation, solidification, vitrification, subsurface barriers, washing and flushing, containment, and thermal treatment. Chemical stabilization, soil washing, and electrokinetics are examples of chemical remediation methods for Pb-contaminated soils. Bioremediation involves processes such as biosorption, bioleaching, and biomembranes using microbes (bacteria, fungi, and algae), plants, or a mix thereof.
AB - Lead (Pb) is a persistent toxic element with no beneficial properties for living beings. Apart from geogenic sources, anthropogenic activities like mining, smelting, paints, Pb-acid battery industries, municipal and industrial dumps and wastewaters, vehicular exhaust, and household dust are responsible for its contamination in soil. Pb bioavailability in soil depends on Pb concentration in the soil, soil type, pH, soil organic matter, Fe- and Mn-oxides, soil flora and fauna, and soil water content. Pb uptake by plants is determined by external/environmental factors, such as soil pH, organic matter and clay contents, and internal/plant factors, such as plant species, plant growth stage, plant root system, production of root exudates, plant metabolites, and transporters. Remediation of Pb-contaminated soils involves in-situ and ex-situ approaches, including physical, chemical, and biological techniques. Physical remediation includes soil replacement, excavation, solidification, vitrification, subsurface barriers, washing and flushing, containment, and thermal treatment. Chemical stabilization, soil washing, and electrokinetics are examples of chemical remediation methods for Pb-contaminated soils. Bioremediation involves processes such as biosorption, bioleaching, and biomembranes using microbes (bacteria, fungi, and algae), plants, or a mix thereof.
KW - Bioavailability
KW - Lead
KW - Remediation
KW - Source
KW - Speciation
KW - Uptake
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143311064&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-323-85621-8.00005-4
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-323-85621-8.00005-4
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85143311064
SN - 9780323885508
SP - 331
EP - 360
BT - Appraisal of Metal(loids) in the Ecosystem
A2 - Kumar, Vinod
A2 - Sharma, Anket
A2 - Setia, Raj
PB - Elsevier Doyma
ER -