Insomnia in Adults With Chronic Hepatitis B, Liver Failure, and Cirrhosis: A Case–Control Study

Purpose: To determine the frequency and socio-demographic/clinical correlates of insomnia in patients with chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver failure, and cirrhosis. Design and Methods: Up to 120 patients with HBV-related diseases and 40 matched healthy controls were recruited. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, early, middle, and late insomnia were measured. Findings: The frequency of ≥1 type of insomnia was 64.2% in patients and 35.0% in controls; frequencies of early, middle, and late insomnia in patients were 39.2%, 42.5%, and 48.3%, respectively, compared to 22.5%, 10.0%, and 25.0% in controls. Urban residency was independently associated with less insomnia of any type, accounting for 22.6% of the variance. Practice Implications: A considerable proportion of patients with HBV-related diseases suffer from insomnia that warrants more attention in clinical practice.