Incidental findings detected on cone beam computed tomography in an older population for pre-implant assessment

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to record incidental findings in CBCT scans taken in an older population for pre-implant assessment, and to examine whether these findings would influence the intended dental implant placement. Methods: 300 consecutive CBCT scans over the age of 40 years was carried out. The incidental findings were grouped into regions as follows: dentoalveolar structures, maxilla and mandible, paranasal sinuses, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), naso/oral-pharyngeal airway, cervical spine and neurovascular canals. The incidental findings are further categories into their significance towards the intended treatment plan. Result: Incidental findings were noted on all of the scans. 555 incidental findings (1.85 findings/scan) were identified. The highest number of incidental findings was in the sinuses (34%), followed by dentoalveolar structures (31%), nasal/oral-pharyngeal airway (12%), maxilla and mandible (10%), TMJ (6%), cervical spine (4%) and neurovascular canals (3%). A total of 37% of findings required follow-up. In 12% of cases detection of the incidental findings lead to amendment or abortion of the intended implant treatment plan. Conclusion: Incidental findings within and beyond the region of interest are common in CBCT scans. The numbers of incidental findings per scan in an older population is higher than in a younger population.