TY - JOUR
T1 - Human Milk Microbiome and Microbiome-Related Products
T2 - Potential Modulators of Infant Growth
AU - Ma, Jie
AU - Palmer, Debra J.
AU - Geddes, Donna
AU - Lai, Ching Tat
AU - Stinson, Lisa
N1 - Funding Information:
J.M., L.S., C.T.L. and D.G. are supported by an unrestricted research grant from Medela AG, administered by The University of Western Australia. J.M. was supported by an additional SIRF (Scholarships for International Research Fees) scholarship from The University of Western Australia and Ad Hoc Postgraduate Scholarship from Medela AG. D.J.P. was supported by the Telethon Kids Institute Ascend Fellowship.
Funding Information:
J.M., L.S., C.T.L. and D.G. are supported by an unrestricted research grant from Medela AG, administered by The University of Western Australia. This funding body had no input into manuscript design, data interpretation, or the decision to publish.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Infant growth trajectory may influence later-life obesity. Human milk provides a wide range of nutritional and bioactive components that are vital for infant growth. Compared to formula-fed infants, breastfed infants are less likely to develop later-onset obesity, highlighting the potential role of bioactive components present in human milk. Components of particular interest are the human milk microbiota, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and antimicrobial proteins, each of which influence the infant gut microbiome, which in turn has been associated with infant body composition. SCFAs and antimicrobial proteins from human milk may also systemically influence infant metabolism. Although inconsistent, multiple studies have reported associations between HMOs and infant growth, while studies on other bioactive components in relation to infant growth are sparse. Moreover, these microbiome-related components may interact with each other within the mammary gland. Here, we review the evidence around the impact of human milk microbes, HMOs, SCFAs, and antimicrobial proteins on infant growth. Breastfeeding is a unique window of opportunity to promote optimal infant growth, with aberrant growth trajectories potentially creating short- and long-term public health burdens. Therefore, it is important to understand how bioactive components of human milk influence infant growth.
AB - Infant growth trajectory may influence later-life obesity. Human milk provides a wide range of nutritional and bioactive components that are vital for infant growth. Compared to formula-fed infants, breastfed infants are less likely to develop later-onset obesity, highlighting the potential role of bioactive components present in human milk. Components of particular interest are the human milk microbiota, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and antimicrobial proteins, each of which influence the infant gut microbiome, which in turn has been associated with infant body composition. SCFAs and antimicrobial proteins from human milk may also systemically influence infant metabolism. Although inconsistent, multiple studies have reported associations between HMOs and infant growth, while studies on other bioactive components in relation to infant growth are sparse. Moreover, these microbiome-related components may interact with each other within the mammary gland. Here, we review the evidence around the impact of human milk microbes, HMOs, SCFAs, and antimicrobial proteins on infant growth. Breastfeeding is a unique window of opportunity to promote optimal infant growth, with aberrant growth trajectories potentially creating short- and long-term public health burdens. Therefore, it is important to understand how bioactive components of human milk influence infant growth.
KW - human milk
KW - human milk microbiome
KW - human milk oligosaccharides
KW - infant growth
KW - infant gut microbiome
KW - lactoferrin
KW - lysozyme
KW - short chain fatty acids
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143490330&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu14235148
DO - 10.3390/nu14235148
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36501178
AN - SCOPUS:85143490330
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 14
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 23
M1 - 5148
ER -