Herdabilidade e obtenção de progênies recombinantes de quinoa vermelha com adaptabilidade ao cultivo no Cerrado

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), originally from the Andean region, its an excellent option for productive diversification in the Brazilian savannah. Due to its high adaptability, several studies have already shown promising results regarding their productive potential in the region. Known as a pseudocereal, for its characteristics very similar to the plants of the Poaceae family, quinoa has several advantages when compared to cereals. One of the most important factor for the popularization of quinoa as a food option is its chemical composition, with high protein content, excellent balance of essential amino acids, presence of essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa, launched two quinoa cultivars adapted for Brazilian agriculture, first BRS Piabiru and a few years later BRS Syetetuba, both showing light grain color. In an increasingly competitive market, the variation of products on the shelf is a differential to be explored and can generate benefit to the product. As there are no quinoa cultivars with colored grains adapted and available for the conditions of the Brazilian Savannah, the importance of studying these genotypes is quite relevant. In addition to nutritional characteristics, good agronomic performance is essential for the consolidation of a crop..Field trials were carried out at Fazenda Água Limpa and characteristics of agronomic interest were evaluated, such as plant height, panicle length, yield and material weight of recombinant quinoa progenies from BRS Syetetuba and INIA 415 (Peruvian cultivar that presents red grain color). The chemical composition of grains was also analyzed, in triplicate and following the standards developed by the Adolfo Lutz Institute. Furthermore, it also aims to analyze these genotypes for the selection of superior individuals from the estimative of genetic parameters for all these characteristics. The importance of knowledge of the components of variation of segregating populations and heritability was demonstrated, as well as of the correlations between the characters of interest. The genotypes obtained from hybridization were shown to be competitive, with good performance of agronomic characteristics and nutritional quality, similar to the best cultivars available on the market. Qualitative characteristics related to the coloration of calcium oxalate and panicles have monogenic inheritance, following the Mendelian proportion 3:1. The BRS Syetetuba cultivar is a good option as a parent, promoting greater selection gain regarding the contents of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. The progenies generated showed red coloration of grains and advantages regarding agronomic characteristics and chemical composition in relation to their parents.