Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies

Ness Mayker Chen; Adam K. Leroy; Sumit K. Sarbadhicary; Laura A. Lopez; Todd A. Thompson; Ashley T. Barnes; Eric Emsellem; Brent Groves; Rupali Chandar; Mélanie Chevance; Ryan Chown; Daniel A. Dale; Oleg V. Egorov; Simon C.O. Glover; Kathryn Grasha; Ralf S. Klessen; Kathryn Kreckel; Jing Li; J. Eduardo Méndez-Delgado; Eric J. Murphy; Debosmita Pathak; Eva Schinnerer; David A. Thilker; Leonardo Úbeda; Thomas G. Williams

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7

Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies

Ness Mayker Chen, Adam K. Leroy, Sumit K. Sarbadhicary, Laura A. Lopez, Todd A. Thompson, Ashley T. Barnes, Eric Emsellem, Brent Groves, Rupali Chandar, Mélanie Chevance, Ryan Chown, Daniel A. Dale, Oleg V. Egorov, Simon C.O. Glover, Kathryn Grasha, Ralf S. Klessen, Kathryn Kreckel, Jing Li, J. Eduardo Méndez-Delgado, Eric J. MurphyDebosmita Pathak, Eva Schinnerer, David A. Thilker, Leonardo Úbeda, Thomas G. Williams

International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR)

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Abstract

We present a statistical analysis of the local, ≈50-100 pc scale, Hα emission at the locations of recent (≤125 yr) supernovae (SNe) in nearby star-forming galaxies. Our sample consists of 32 SNe in 10 galaxies that are targets of the PHANGS-MUSE survey. We find that 41% (13/32) of these SNe occur coincident with a previously identified H ii region. For comparison, H ii regions cover 32% of the area within ±1 kpc of any recent SN. Contrasting this local covering fraction with the fraction of SNe coincident with H ii regions, we find a statistical excess of 7.6% ± 8.7% of all SNe to be associated with H ii regions. This increases to an excess of 19.2% ± 10.4% when considering only core-collapse SNe (CCSNe). These estimates appear to be in good agreement with qualitative results from new, higher-resolution Hubble Space Telescope Hα imaging, which also suggests many CCSNe detonate near but not in H ii regions. Our results appear consistent with the expectation that only a modest fraction of stars explode during the first ≲5 Myr of the life of a stellar population when Hα emission is expected to be bright. Of the H ii region associated SNe, 85% (11/13) also have associated detected CO (2-1) emission, indicating the presence of molecular gas. The SNe associated with H ii regions have typical extinctions of A _V ∼ 1 mag, consistent with a significant amount of pre-clearing of gas from the region before the SNe explode.

Original language	English
Article number	5
Number of pages	28
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	168
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7
Publication status	Published - Jul 2024

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Mayker Chen, N., Leroy, A. K., Sarbadhicary, S. K., Lopez, L. A., Thompson, T. A., Barnes, A. T., Emsellem, E., Groves, B., Chandar, R., Chevance, M., Chown, R., Dale, D. A., Egorov, O. V., Glover, S. C. O., Grasha, K., Klessen, R. S., Kreckel, K., Li, J., Méndez-Delgado, J. E., ... Williams, T. G. (2024). Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies. Astronomical Journal, 168(1), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7

@article{18cb0b80ff244a87b377c519a73b7579,

title = "Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies",

abstract = "We present a statistical analysis of the local, ≈50-100 pc scale, Hα emission at the locations of recent (≤125 yr) supernovae (SNe) in nearby star-forming galaxies. Our sample consists of 32 SNe in 10 galaxies that are targets of the PHANGS-MUSE survey. We find that 41% (13/32) of these SNe occur coincident with a previously identified H ii region. For comparison, H ii regions cover 32% of the area within ±1 kpc of any recent SN. Contrasting this local covering fraction with the fraction of SNe coincident with H ii regions, we find a statistical excess of 7.6% ± 8.7% of all SNe to be associated with H ii regions. This increases to an excess of 19.2% ± 10.4% when considering only core-collapse SNe (CCSNe). These estimates appear to be in good agreement with qualitative results from new, higher-resolution Hubble Space Telescope Hα imaging, which also suggests many CCSNe detonate near but not in H ii regions. Our results appear consistent with the expectation that only a modest fraction of stars explode during the first ≲5 Myr of the life of a stellar population when Hα emission is expected to be bright. Of the H ii region associated SNe, 85% (11/13) also have associated detected CO (2-1) emission, indicating the presence of molecular gas. The SNe associated with H ii regions have typical extinctions of A V ∼ 1 mag, consistent with a significant amount of pre-clearing of gas from the region before the SNe explode.",

author = "{Mayker Chen}, Ness and Leroy, {Adam K.} and Sarbadhicary, {Sumit K.} and Lopez, {Laura A.} and Thompson, {Todd A.} and Barnes, {Ashley T.} and Eric Emsellem and Brent Groves and Rupali Chandar and M{\'e}lanie Chevance and Ryan Chown and Dale, {Daniel A.} and Egorov, {Oleg V.} and Glover, {Simon C.O.} and Kathryn Grasha and Klessen, {Ralf S.} and Kathryn Kreckel and Jing Li and M{\'e}ndez-Delgado, {J. Eduardo} and Murphy, {Eric J.} and Debosmita Pathak and Eva Schinnerer and Thilker, {David A.} and Leonardo {\'U}beda and Williams, {Thomas G.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = jul,

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7",

language = "English",

volume = "168",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "1",

}

Mayker Chen, N, Leroy, AK, Sarbadhicary, SK, Lopez, LA, Thompson, TA, Barnes, AT, Emsellem, E, Groves, B, Chandar, R, Chevance, M, Chown, R, Dale, DA, Egorov, OV, Glover, SCO, Grasha, K, Klessen, RS, Kreckel, K, Li, J, Méndez-Delgado, JE, Murphy, EJ, Pathak, D, Schinnerer, E, Thilker, DA, Úbeda, L & Williams, TG 2024, 'Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies', Astronomical Journal, vol. 168, no. 1, 5. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7

TY - JOUR

T1 - Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies

AU - Mayker Chen, Ness

AU - Leroy, Adam K.

AU - Sarbadhicary, Sumit K.

AU - Lopez, Laura A.

AU - Thompson, Todd A.

AU - Barnes, Ashley T.

AU - Emsellem, Eric

AU - Groves, Brent

AU - Chandar, Rupali

AU - Chevance, Mélanie

AU - Chown, Ryan

AU - Dale, Daniel A.

AU - Egorov, Oleg V.

AU - Glover, Simon C.O.

AU - Grasha, Kathryn

AU - Klessen, Ralf S.

AU - Kreckel, Kathryn

AU - Li, Jing

AU - Méndez-Delgado, J. Eduardo

AU - Murphy, Eric J.

AU - Pathak, Debosmita

AU - Schinnerer, Eva

AU - Thilker, David A.

AU - Úbeda, Leonardo

AU - Williams, Thomas G.

PY - 2024/7

Y1 - 2024/7

N2 - We present a statistical analysis of the local, ≈50-100 pc scale, Hα emission at the locations of recent (≤125 yr) supernovae (SNe) in nearby star-forming galaxies. Our sample consists of 32 SNe in 10 galaxies that are targets of the PHANGS-MUSE survey. We find that 41% (13/32) of these SNe occur coincident with a previously identified H ii region. For comparison, H ii regions cover 32% of the area within ±1 kpc of any recent SN. Contrasting this local covering fraction with the fraction of SNe coincident with H ii regions, we find a statistical excess of 7.6% ± 8.7% of all SNe to be associated with H ii regions. This increases to an excess of 19.2% ± 10.4% when considering only core-collapse SNe (CCSNe). These estimates appear to be in good agreement with qualitative results from new, higher-resolution Hubble Space Telescope Hα imaging, which also suggests many CCSNe detonate near but not in H ii regions. Our results appear consistent with the expectation that only a modest fraction of stars explode during the first ≲5 Myr of the life of a stellar population when Hα emission is expected to be bright. Of the H ii region associated SNe, 85% (11/13) also have associated detected CO (2-1) emission, indicating the presence of molecular gas. The SNe associated with H ii regions have typical extinctions of A V ∼ 1 mag, consistent with a significant amount of pre-clearing of gas from the region before the SNe explode.

AB - We present a statistical analysis of the local, ≈50-100 pc scale, Hα emission at the locations of recent (≤125 yr) supernovae (SNe) in nearby star-forming galaxies. Our sample consists of 32 SNe in 10 galaxies that are targets of the PHANGS-MUSE survey. We find that 41% (13/32) of these SNe occur coincident with a previously identified H ii region. For comparison, H ii regions cover 32% of the area within ±1 kpc of any recent SN. Contrasting this local covering fraction with the fraction of SNe coincident with H ii regions, we find a statistical excess of 7.6% ± 8.7% of all SNe to be associated with H ii regions. This increases to an excess of 19.2% ± 10.4% when considering only core-collapse SNe (CCSNe). These estimates appear to be in good agreement with qualitative results from new, higher-resolution Hubble Space Telescope Hα imaging, which also suggests many CCSNe detonate near but not in H ii regions. Our results appear consistent with the expectation that only a modest fraction of stars explode during the first ≲5 Myr of the life of a stellar population when Hα emission is expected to be bright. Of the H ii region associated SNe, 85% (11/13) also have associated detected CO (2-1) emission, indicating the presence of molecular gas. The SNe associated with H ii regions have typical extinctions of A V ∼ 1 mag, consistent with a significant amount of pre-clearing of gas from the region before the SNe explode.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85199392904&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ad3fb7

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85199392904

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 168

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 5

ER -

Hα Emission and H ii Regions at the Locations of Recent Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies

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