Genome-scale phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of medically important Australian alphaviruses and phenotypic investigation

Alphaviruses are the most medically important mosquito-borne viruses of Australia. Three major alphaviruses, Ross River virus (RRV), Barmah Forest virus (BFV) and Sindbis virus (SINV) collectively induce a large burden of morbidity to infected individuals. In this investigation, the largest collection of complete genomes was generated for each of these major alphaviruses, allowing for the most robust phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis to date. Genome-scale analysis resolved far greater genetic diversity than had been previously appreciated using historical, partial-gene sequencing techniques. A better understanding of genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology will improve diagnostic and surveillance capabilities.