TY - JOUR
T1 - Gene Expression
T2 - the Key to Understanding HIV-1 Infection?
AU - Judge, Melinda
AU - Parker, Erica
AU - Naniche, Denise
AU - Le Souëf, Peter
PY - 2020/5/20
Y1 - 2020/5/20
N2 - SUMMARYGene expression profiling of the host response to HIV infection has promised to fill the gaps in our knowledge and provide new insights toward vaccine and cure. However, despite 20 years of research, the biggest questions remained unanswered. A literature review identified 62 studies examining gene expression dysregulation in samples from individuals living with HIV. Changes in gene expression were dependent on cell/tissue type, stage of infection, viremia, and treatment status. Some cell types, notably CD4+ T cells, exhibit upregulation of cell cycle, interferon-related, and apoptosis genes consistent with depletion. Others, including CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, exhibit perturbed function in the absence of direct infection with HIV. Dysregulation is greatest during acute infection. Differences in study design and data reporting limit comparability of existing research and do not as yet provide a coherent overview of gene expression in HIV. This review outlines the extraordinarily complex host response to HIV and offers recommendations to realize the full potential of HIV host transcriptomics.
AB - SUMMARYGene expression profiling of the host response to HIV infection has promised to fill the gaps in our knowledge and provide new insights toward vaccine and cure. However, despite 20 years of research, the biggest questions remained unanswered. A literature review identified 62 studies examining gene expression dysregulation in samples from individuals living with HIV. Changes in gene expression were dependent on cell/tissue type, stage of infection, viremia, and treatment status. Some cell types, notably CD4+ T cells, exhibit upregulation of cell cycle, interferon-related, and apoptosis genes consistent with depletion. Others, including CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, exhibit perturbed function in the absence of direct infection with HIV. Dysregulation is greatest during acute infection. Differences in study design and data reporting limit comparability of existing research and do not as yet provide a coherent overview of gene expression in HIV. This review outlines the extraordinarily complex host response to HIV and offers recommendations to realize the full potential of HIV host transcriptomics.
KW - gene expression
KW - human immunodeficiency virus
KW - transcriptional regulation
KW - virus-host interactions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084625687&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1128/MMBR.00080-19
DO - 10.1128/MMBR.00080-19
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32404327
AN - SCOPUS:85084625687
VL - 84
JO - Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
JF - Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
SN - 1092-2172
IS - 2
ER -