Fog computing-based beam allocation and co-operative task distribution model for green 5G mobile network

The communication and computation world is being gone through a lack of proper power consumption models in multi-tier small cell-based heterogeneous networks. Efficient spectrum utilization with proper task distribution is an emerging criterion for 5G-based wireless communication. Delay incurred by task offloading degrades the quality of services (QoS). To reduce power consumption, delay, and increase spectral efficiency, fog-based power-efficient beam allocation and task distribution model for IoT network are proposed. Femtolet acts as a base station and performs also computational assignments like a cloudlet. Hence, femtolet can act as a fog device. Femtolet allocates beam to each IoT device based on maximum spectral efficiency. Secondly, the task distribution is performed. If the femtolet itself can perform tasks, it processes them and sends back to the IoT device. The global femtolet concept appears when two or more femtolets are needed to perform tasks. The connection between IoT devices (IoTD) and femtolet is done by 5G beamforming. Mixed integer linear programming is formulated. Power consumption, delay, and spectral efficiency are the QoS factors of the IoT network. The simulation result demonstrates that proposed architecture decreases power consumption and delay by 23-47% and 15-25%, respectively, than cloud-sensitive approaches. The proposed approach enhances spectral efficiency and SINR by 12-15% and 15-25%, respectively. The comparative analysis with existing approaches shows that this model is novel, green, and fast.