Flexible and local: understanding how on-demand transport serves rural communities

Understanding the social impact of On-Demand Transport (ODT) in rural areas is crucial for addressing the unique mobility challenges faced by disadvantaged communities. This study fills a research gap concerning the evaluation of ODT services in rural contexts, which are less prevalent compared to urban and peri-urban areas. Three sources of data (Pick-up and Drop-off operational data; census data; and a user survey) are used to determine the social impact of an ODT bus service in Moree, New South Wales, Australia. Results are presented with consideration of user characteristics, their trip-making patterns and an estimation of benefits derived. We find that ODT users are primarily drawn from the more disadvantaged groups; ODT provides independence and freedom; and the social impact of ODT is high because economic and time savings are evident. The findings can inform targeted investments and policy decisions to improve accessibility and social inclusion in rural regions.