Fat and Lipid Metabolism and the Involvement of Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's Disease

Lipidomics and genomics studies have made it very clear that lipids and their
metabolism are central in AD pathogenesis. This review has described many of the lipid-related changes that occur in AD, demonstrating the wide range of such changes and, in some cases, listing potential therapeutic treatments. Reducing the risk of AD will involve dietary changes and healthy lifestyles that can reduce the risk of dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic inflammation, which are all known risk factors for AD. Despite the many studies on the influence of the APOE 휀4 allele on Aβ aggregation, binding, and clearance, the overall pathological effect of this allele is still not known. Further studies will consolidate these
findings and hopefully clarify which changes in lipid metabolism are most relevant in AD pathogenesis. It is hoped this will pave the way towards effective treatments, whilst highlighting the importance of preventing dyslipidaemia.