Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar

Basma Haris; Saras Saraswathi; Sara Al-Khawaga; Reem Hasnah; Amira Saeed; Shihab Mundekkadan; Noor Hamed; Houda Afyouni; Tasneem Abdel-Karim; Shayma Mohammed; Amel Khalifa; Maryam Al-Maadheed; Mahmoud Al-Zyoud; Ahmed Shamekh; Ahmed Elawwa; Fawziya Al-Khalaf; Sabri Boughorbel; Goran Petrovski; Khalid Hussain

doi:10.1111/jdi.13610

Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar

Basma Haris, Saras Saraswathi, Sara Al-Khawaga, Reem Hasnah, Amira Saeed, Shihab Mundekkadan, Noor Hamed, Houda Afyouni, Tasneem Abdel-Karim, Shayma Mohammed, Amel Khalifa, Maryam Al-Maadheed, Mahmoud Al-Zyoud, Ahmed Shamekh, Ahmed Elawwa, Fawziya Al-Khalaf, Sabri Boughorbel, Goran Petrovski, Khalid Hussain

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Abstract

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To study the epidemiology, genetic landscape and causes of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients (aged 0-18 years) with diabetes mellitus underwent biochemical, immunological and genetic testing. American Diabetes Association guidelines were used to classify types of diabetes mellitus. The incidence and prevalence of all the different types of diabetes mellitus were calculated.

RESULTS: Total number of children with diabetes mellitus was 1,325 (type 1 n = 1,096, ≥1 antibody; type 2 n = 104, type 1B n = 53; maturity onset diabetes of the young n = 20; monogenic autoimmune n = 4; neonatal diabetes mellitus n = 10;, syndromic diabetes mellitus n = 23; and double diabetes mellitus n = 15). The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes were 38.05 and 249.73 per 100,000, respectively, and for type 2 were 2.51 and 23.7 per 100,000, respectively. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus was 34.4 per 1,000,000 live births, and in indigenous Qataris the incidence was 43.6 per 1,000,000 live births. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in Qatari children was double compared with other nationalities. The prevalence of maturity onset diabetes of the young in Qatar was 4.56 per 100,000.

CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective and comprehensive study to document the epidemiology and genetic landscape of childhood diabetes mellitus in this region. Qatar has the fourth highest incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with the incidence and prevalence being higher in Qatari compared with non-Qatari. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also higher in Qatar than in Western countries. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus is the second highest in the world. GCK is the most common form of maturity onset diabetes of the young, and a large number of patients have type 1B diabetes mellitus.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2141-2148
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Diabetes Investigation
Volume	12
Issue number	12
Early online date	8 Jun 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13610
Publication status	Published - Dec 2021
Externally published	Yes

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Haris, B., Saraswathi, S., Al-Khawaga, S., Hasnah, R., Saeed, A., Mundekkadan, S., Hamed, N., Afyouni, H., Abdel-Karim, T., Mohammed, S., Khalifa, A., Al-Maadheed, M., Al-Zyoud, M., Shamekh, A., Elawwa, A., Al-Khalaf, F., Boughorbel, S., Petrovski, G., & Hussain, K. (2021). Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar. Journal of Diabetes Investigation, 12(12), 2141-2148. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13610

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title = "Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar",

abstract = "AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To study the epidemiology, genetic landscape and causes of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar.MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients (aged 0-18 years) with diabetes mellitus underwent biochemical, immunological and genetic testing. American Diabetes Association guidelines were used to classify types of diabetes mellitus. The incidence and prevalence of all the different types of diabetes mellitus were calculated.RESULTS: Total number of children with diabetes mellitus was 1,325 (type 1 n = 1,096, ≥1 antibody; type 2 n = 104, type 1B n = 53; maturity onset diabetes of the young n = 20; monogenic autoimmune n = 4; neonatal diabetes mellitus n = 10;, syndromic diabetes mellitus n = 23; and double diabetes mellitus n = 15). The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes were 38.05 and 249.73 per 100,000, respectively, and for type 2 were 2.51 and 23.7 per 100,000, respectively. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus was 34.4 per 1,000,000 live births, and in indigenous Qataris the incidence was 43.6 per 1,000,000 live births. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in Qatari children was double compared with other nationalities. The prevalence of maturity onset diabetes of the young in Qatar was 4.56 per 100,000.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective and comprehensive study to document the epidemiology and genetic landscape of childhood diabetes mellitus in this region. Qatar has the fourth highest incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with the incidence and prevalence being higher in Qatari compared with non-Qatari. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also higher in Qatar than in Western countries. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus is the second highest in the world. GCK is the most common form of maturity onset diabetes of the young, and a large number of patients have type 1B diabetes mellitus.",

author = "Basma Haris and Saras Saraswathi and Sara Al-Khawaga and Reem Hasnah and Amira Saeed and Shihab Mundekkadan and Noor Hamed and Houda Afyouni and Tasneem Abdel-Karim and Shayma Mohammed and Amel Khalifa and Maryam Al-Maadheed and Mahmoud Al-Zyoud and Ahmed Shamekh and Ahmed Elawwa and Fawziya Al-Khalaf and Sabri Boughorbel and Goran Petrovski and Khalid Hussain",

year = "2021",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1111/jdi.13610",

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Haris, B, Saraswathi, S, Al-Khawaga, S, Hasnah, R, Saeed, A, Mundekkadan, S, Hamed, N, Afyouni, H, Abdel-Karim, T, Mohammed, S, Khalifa, A, Al-Maadheed, M, Al-Zyoud, M, Shamekh, A, Elawwa, A, Al-Khalaf, F, Boughorbel, S, Petrovski, G & Hussain, K 2021, 'Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar', Journal of Diabetes Investigation, vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 2141-2148. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13610

TY - JOUR

T1 - Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar

AU - Haris, Basma

AU - Saraswathi, Saras

AU - Al-Khawaga, Sara

AU - Hasnah, Reem

AU - Saeed, Amira

AU - Mundekkadan, Shihab

AU - Hamed, Noor

AU - Afyouni, Houda

AU - Abdel-Karim, Tasneem

AU - Mohammed, Shayma

AU - Khalifa, Amel

AU - Al-Maadheed, Maryam

AU - Al-Zyoud, Mahmoud

AU - Shamekh, Ahmed

AU - Elawwa, Ahmed

AU - Al-Khalaf, Fawziya

AU - Boughorbel, Sabri

AU - Petrovski, Goran

AU - Hussain, Khalid

PY - 2021/12

Y1 - 2021/12

N2 - AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To study the epidemiology, genetic landscape and causes of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar.MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients (aged 0-18 years) with diabetes mellitus underwent biochemical, immunological and genetic testing. American Diabetes Association guidelines were used to classify types of diabetes mellitus. The incidence and prevalence of all the different types of diabetes mellitus were calculated.RESULTS: Total number of children with diabetes mellitus was 1,325 (type 1 n = 1,096, ≥1 antibody; type 2 n = 104, type 1B n = 53; maturity onset diabetes of the young n = 20; monogenic autoimmune n = 4; neonatal diabetes mellitus n = 10;, syndromic diabetes mellitus n = 23; and double diabetes mellitus n = 15). The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes were 38.05 and 249.73 per 100,000, respectively, and for type 2 were 2.51 and 23.7 per 100,000, respectively. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus was 34.4 per 1,000,000 live births, and in indigenous Qataris the incidence was 43.6 per 1,000,000 live births. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in Qatari children was double compared with other nationalities. The prevalence of maturity onset diabetes of the young in Qatar was 4.56 per 100,000.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective and comprehensive study to document the epidemiology and genetic landscape of childhood diabetes mellitus in this region. Qatar has the fourth highest incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with the incidence and prevalence being higher in Qatari compared with non-Qatari. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also higher in Qatar than in Western countries. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus is the second highest in the world. GCK is the most common form of maturity onset diabetes of the young, and a large number of patients have type 1B diabetes mellitus.

AB - AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To study the epidemiology, genetic landscape and causes of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar.MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients (aged 0-18 years) with diabetes mellitus underwent biochemical, immunological and genetic testing. American Diabetes Association guidelines were used to classify types of diabetes mellitus. The incidence and prevalence of all the different types of diabetes mellitus were calculated.RESULTS: Total number of children with diabetes mellitus was 1,325 (type 1 n = 1,096, ≥1 antibody; type 2 n = 104, type 1B n = 53; maturity onset diabetes of the young n = 20; monogenic autoimmune n = 4; neonatal diabetes mellitus n = 10;, syndromic diabetes mellitus n = 23; and double diabetes mellitus n = 15). The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes were 38.05 and 249.73 per 100,000, respectively, and for type 2 were 2.51 and 23.7 per 100,000, respectively. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus was 34.4 per 1,000,000 live births, and in indigenous Qataris the incidence was 43.6 per 1,000,000 live births. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in Qatari children was double compared with other nationalities. The prevalence of maturity onset diabetes of the young in Qatar was 4.56 per 100,000.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective and comprehensive study to document the epidemiology and genetic landscape of childhood diabetes mellitus in this region. Qatar has the fourth highest incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with the incidence and prevalence being higher in Qatari compared with non-Qatari. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also higher in Qatar than in Western countries. The incidence of neonatal diabetes mellitus is the second highest in the world. GCK is the most common form of maturity onset diabetes of the young, and a large number of patients have type 1B diabetes mellitus.

U2 - 10.1111/jdi.13610

DO - 10.1111/jdi.13610

M3 - Article

C2 - 34101350

SN - 2040-1116

VL - 12

SP - 2141

EP - 2148

JO - Journal of Diabetes Investigation

JF - Journal of Diabetes Investigation

IS - 12

ER -

Epidemiology, genetic landscape and classification of childhood diabetes mellitus in the State of Qatar

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