Enhanced sensitivity of the LIGO gravitational wave detector by using squeezed states of light

J. Aasi, J. Abadie, B.P. Abbott, R.S. Abbott, T.D. Abbott, M.R. Abernathy, C.A. Adams, T.S. Adams, P. Addesso, R.X. Adhikari, C. Affeldt, O.D. Aguiar, P. Ajith, B.H. Allen, E.A. Ceron, D. Amariutei, S.B. Anderson, W.G. Anderson, K. Arai, M.C. ArayaC. Arceneaux, S. Ast, S.M. Aston, D.E. Atkinson, P. Aufmuth, C. Aulbert, L.S. Austin, B.E. Aylott, S.V. Babak, P.T. Baker, S.W. Ballmer, Y. Bao, J.C.B. Barayoga, D. Barker, B.W. Barr, L. Barsotti, M.A. Barton, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, J. Batch, J. Bauchrowitz, B. Behnke, A.S. Bell, C. Bell, G. Bergmann, J.M. Berliner, A. Bertolini, J.C. Betzwieser, N.L. Beveridge, P.T. Beyersdorf, T. Bhadbhade, I.A. Bilenko, G.L. Billingsley, J. Birch, S. Biscans, E. Black, J.K. Blackburn, L. Blackburn, David Blair, B. Bland, O. Bock, T.P. Bodiya, C. Bogan, C. Bond, R. Bork, M. Born, S.B. Böse, J.E. Bowers, P.R. Brady, V.B. Braginsky, J.E. Brau, J.P. Breyer, D.O. Bridges, M. Brinkmann, M. Britzger, A.F. Brooks, D.A. Brown, D.D. Brown, K. Buckland, F. Brückner, B.C. Buchler, A. Buonanno, J. Burguet-Castell, R.L. Byer, L. Cadonati, J.B. Camp, P. Campsie, K.C. Cannon, J. Cao, C.D. Capano, L. Carbone, S. Caride, A.D. Castiglia, S. Caudill, M. Cavaglià, C. Cepeda, T. Chalermsongsak, S. Chao, P.R. Charlton, Xu Chen, Y. Chen, H. Cho, J.H. Chow, N. Christensen, Qi Chu, S.S.Y. Chua, C.T.Y. Chung, G.S. Ciani, F.M. Clara, D.E. Clark, J.A. Clark, M. Constancio, D. Cook, T.R.C. Corbitt, M. Cordier, N.J. Cornish, A.M. Corsi, C.A. Costa, M.W. Coughlin, S. Countryman, P. Couvares, David Coward, M. Cowart, D.C. Coyne, K.L. Craig, J.D.E. Creighton, T.D. Creighton, A.V. Cumming, L. Cunningham, K. Dahl, M. Damjanic, Stefan Danilishin, K.V. Danzmann, B. Daudert, H.P. Daveloza, G.S. Davies, E.J. Daw, T. Dayanga, E. Deleeuw, T. Denker, T. Dent, V. Dergachev, R. Derosa, R. Desalvo, S.V. Dhurandhar, I. Di Palma, M.C. Díaz, A. Dietz, F.X. Donovan, K.L. Dooley, S. Doravari, S. Drasco, R.W.P. Drever, J.C. Driggers, Z. Du, Jean-Charles Dumas, S. Dwyer, T. Eberle, M. Edwards, A. Effler, P. Ehrens, S.S. Eikenberry, R. Engel, R. Essick, T. Etzel, K.F. Evans, M. Evans, T.L. Evans, M. Factourovich, S. Fairhurst, Qi Fang, B.F. Farr, W.M. Farr, M. Favata, D. Fazi, H. Fehrmann, D. Feldbaum, L.S. Finn, R.P. Fisher, S. Foley, E. Forsi, N.V. Fotopoulos, M. Frede, M.A. Frei, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, T.T. Fricke, D. Friedrich, P.K. Fritschel, V.V. Frolov, M.K. Fujimoto, P.J. Fulda, M. Fyffe, J.R. Gair, J.E. García, N.A. Gehrels, G. Gelencser, L.A. Gergely, S. Ghosh, J.A. Giaime, S. Giampanis, K.D. Giardina, S. Gil-Casanova, C. Gill, J. Gleason, E. Goetz, G. González, N. Gordon, M.L. Gorodetsky, S. Gossan, S. Goßler, C. Graef, P.B. Graff, A.I. Grant, S. Gras, C.L. Gray, R.J.S. Greenhalgh, A.M. Gretarsson, C. Griffo, H. Grote, K. Grover, S. Grunewald, C. Guido, E.K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, D.M. Hammer, G.D. Hammond, J.A. Hanks, C. Hanna, J. Hanson, K. Haris, J. Harms, G.M. Harry, I.W. Harry, E.D. Harstad, M.T. Hartman, K. Haughian, K. Hayama, J. Heefner, M.C. Heintze, M.A. Hendry, I. Heng, A.W. Heptonstall, M. Heurs, M.R. Hewitson, S. Hild, D. Hoak, K.A. Hodge, K. Holt, M. Holtrop, T. Hong, S. Hooper, J. Hough, Eric Howell, V. Huang, E.A. Huerta, B. Hughey, S.H. Huttner, M.T.T. Huynh, T. Huynh-Dinh, D.R. Ingram, R. Inta, T. Isogai, A. Ivanov, B.R. Iyer, K. Izumi, M. Jacobson, E. James, H. Jang, Y.J. Jang, E. Jesse, W.W. Johnson, D. Jones, D.I. Jones, R.A. Jones, Li Ju, P. Kalmus, V. Kalogera, S. Kandhasamy, G. Kang, J.B. Kanner, R. Kasturi, E. Katsavounidis, W. Katzman, H. Kaufer, K. Kawabe, S. Kawamura, F. Kawazoe, D. Keitel, D.B. Kelley, W.P. Kells, D.G. Keppel, A. Khalaidovski, F.Y. Khalili, E.A. Khazanov, B.K. Kim, C. Kim, K. Kim, N. Kim, Y.M. Kim, P.J. King, D.L. Kinzel, J.S. Kissel, S. Klimenko, J. Kline, K. Kokeyama, V.N. Kondrashov, S. Koranda, W.Z. Korth, D. Kozak, C. Kozameh, A. Kremin, V. Kringel, B. Krishnan, C. Kucharczyk, G. Kuehn, P. Kumar, R.R. Kumar, B.J. Kuper, R. Kurdyumov, P. Kwee, P. Lam, M. Landry, B.T. Lantz, P.D. Lasky, C. Lawrie, A. Lazzarini, A. Le Roux, P. Leaci, C. Lee, H.K. Lee, H. Lee, J. Lee, J.R. Leong, B. Levine, V. Lhuillier, A.C. Lin, V. Litvine, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, N.A. Lockerbie, D. Lodhia, K. Loew, J. Logue, A.L. Lombardi, M. Lormand, J. Lough, M.J. Lubinski, H. Lück, A.P. Lundgren, J. Macarthur, E.P. Macdonald, B. Machenschalk, M. Macinnis, D.M. Macleod, F. Magaña-Sandoval, M. Mageswaran, K. Mailand, G.M. Manca, I. Mandel, V. Mandic, S. Márka, Z. Márka, A.S. Markosyan, E. Maros, I.W. Martin, R.M. Märtin, D. Martinov, J.N. Marx, K. Mason, F. Matichard, L. Matone, R.A. Matzner, N. Mavalvala, G. May, G. Mazzolo, K. Mcauley, R.L. Mccarthy, D.E. Mcclelland, S.C. Mcguire, G.J. Mcintyre, J. Mciver, G.D. Meadors, M. Mehmet, T. Meier, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, R.A. Mercer, S.V. Meshkov, C.J. Messenger, M.S. Meyer, H. Miao, J.M.C.L. Miller, C.M.F. Mingarelli, S.K. Mitra, V.P. Mitrofanov, G.V. Mitselmakher, R.K. Mittleman, B. Moe, F. Mokler, S.R.P. Mohapatra, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, T. Mori, S.R. Morriss, K. Mossavi, C.M. Mow-Lowry, C.L. Mueller, G. Mueller, S. Mukherjee, A.J. Mullavey, J. Munch, D.C. Murphy, P.G. Murray, A. Mytidis, D.N. Kumar, T. Nash, R.K. Nayak, V. Necula, G. Newton, T.T.H. Nguyen, E. Nishida, A. Nishizawa, A.H. Nitz, D. Nolting, M.E. Normandin, L.K. Nuttall, J. O'Dell, B. O'Reilly, R. O'Shaughnessy, E. Ochsner, E. Oelker, G.H. Ogin, J.J. Oh, S.H. Oh, F. Ohme, P. Oppermann, C. Osthelder, C.D. Ott, D.J. Ottaway, R.S. Ottens, J. Ou, H. Overmier, B.J. Owen, C. Padilla, A. Pai, Y. Pan, C. Pankow, M.A. Papa, H. Paris, W. Parkinson, M. Pedraza, S.D. Penn, C. Peralta, A. Perreca, M. Phelps, M. Pickenpack, V. Pierro, I.M. Pinto, M. Pitkin, H.J. Pletsch, J.H. Pöld, F. Postiglione, C. Poux, V. Predoi, T. Prestegard, L.R. Price, M. Prijatelj, S. Privitera, L.G. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, V.M. Quetschke, E. Quintero, R. Quitzow-James, F.J. Raab, H. Radkins, P. Raffai, S. Raja, M. Rakhmanov, C.R. Ramet, V. Raymond, C.M. Reed, T.B. Reed, S. Reid, D.H. Reitze, R. Riesen, K. Riles, M. Roberts, N.A. Robertson, E.L. Robinson, S. Roddy, C.L. Rodriguez, L.A. Rodriguez, M. Rodruck, J.G. Rollins, J.H. Romie, C. Röver, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, K. Ryan, F. Salemi, L. Sammut, V.D. Sandberg, J. Sanders, S.R. Sankar, V. Sannibale, L. Santamaría, I. Santiago-Prieto, G. Santostasi, B.S. Sathyaprakash, P.R. Saulson, R.L. Savage, R. Schilling, R. Schnabel, R.M.S. Schofield, D.R. Schuette, B. Schulz, B.F. Schutz, P.B. Schwinberg, J.R. Scott, S.M. Scott, F. Seifert, D. Sellers, A.S. Sengupta, A.S. Sergeev, D.A. Shaddock, M.S. Shahriar, M. Shaltev, Z. Shao, B.N. Shapiro, P.S. Shawhan, D.H. Shoemaker, T.L. Sidery, X. Siemens, D. Sigg, D.A. Simakov, A. Singer, L. Singer, A.M. Sintes, G.R. Skelton, B.J.J. Slagmolen, J. Slutsky, J.R.H. Smith, M.R. Smith, R.J.E. Smith, N.D. Smith-Lefebvre, E.J. Son, B. Sorazu, T. Souradeep, M.S. Stefszky, E. Steinert, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, S. Steplewski, D. Stevens, A. Stochino, R. Stone, K.A. Strain, S.E. Strigin, A.S. Stroeer, A.L. Stuver, T.Z. Summerscales, Sunil Susmithan, P.J. Sutton, G. Szeifert, D. Talukder, D.B. Tanner, S.P. Tarabrin, R.J. Taylor, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, K.A. Thorne, K.S. Thorne, E. Thrane, V. Tiwari, K.V. Tokmakov, C. Tomlinson, C.V. Torres, C.I. Torrie, G. Traylor, M. Tse, D.W. Ugolini, C.S. Unnikrishnan, H. Vahlbruch, M. Vallisneri, M.V. Van Der Sluys, A.A. Van Veggel, S. Vass, R. Vaulin, A. Vecchio, P.J. Veitch, J.D. Veitch, K.Y. Venkateswara, Siddartha Verma, R. Vincent-Finley, S. Vitale, T. Vo, C. Vorvick, W.D. Vousden, S.P. Vyatchanin, A.R. Wade, L. Wade, M. Wade, S.J. Waldman, L. Wallace, Y. Wan, M. Wang, J. Wang, X. Wang, A. Wanner, R.L. Ward, M. Wa̧s, M. Weinert, A.J. Weinstein, R.J. Weiss, T. Welborn, Linqing Wen, P. Weßels, M.A. West, T. Westphal, K.W. Wette, J.T. Whelan, Stanley Whitcomb, A.G. Wiseman, D.J. White, B.F. Whiting, K. Wiesner, C.R. Wilkinson, P.A. Willems, L.F. Williams, R.D. Williams, T.M. Williams, J.L. Willis, B. Willke, M.H. Wimmer, L. Winkelmann, W. Winkler, C.C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, R. Wooley, J. Worden, J. Yablon, I. Yakushin, H. Yamamoto, C.C. Yancey, H. Yang, D. Yeaton-Massey, S. Yoshida, H. Yum, M. Zanolin, F. Zhang, L. Zhang, Chunnong Zhao, H. Zhu, Xingjiang Zhu, N. Zotov, M.E. Zucker, J.G. Zweizig

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

790 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Nearly a century after Einstein first predicted the existence of gravitational waves, a global network of Earth-based gravitational wave observatories1-4 is seeking to directly detect this faint radiation using precision laser interferometry. Photon shot noise, due to the quantum nature of light, imposes a fundamental limit on the attometre-level sensitivity of the kilometre-scale Michelson interferometers deployed for this task. Here, we inject squeezed states to improve the performance of one of the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) beyond the quantum noise limit, most notably in the frequency region down to 150 Hz, critically important for several astrophysical sources, with no deterioration of performance observed at any frequency. With the injection of squeezed states, this LIGO detector demonstrated the best broadband sensitivity to gravitational waves ever achieved, with important implications for observing the gravitational-wave Universe with unprecedented sensitivity. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)613-619
JournalNature Photonics
Volume7
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2013

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Enhanced sensitivity of the LIGO gravitational wave detector by using squeezed states of light'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this