TY - JOUR
T1 - Engine performance and emissions of high nitrogen-containing fuels
AU - Obeid, Farah
AU - Van, Thuy Chu
AU - Horchler, Eva Johanna
AU - Guo, Yi
AU - Verma, Puneet
AU - Miljevic, Branka
AU - Brown, Richard J.
AU - Ristovski, Zoran
AU - Bodisco, Timothy A.
AU - Rainey, Thomas
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors appreciatively acknowledge the financial support provided by QUT, a PhD scholarship from the School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Amir Moghaddem during the engine campaign for his laboratory assistance. The authors would like to extend their appreciation to Dr. Ursel Hornung and Bingfeng Guo at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Special thanks to Caltex for supporting our research through the generous donation of the diesel fuel.
Funding Information:
The authors appreciatively acknowledge the financial support provided by QUT, a PhD scholarship from the School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Amir Moghaddem during the engine campaign for his laboratory assistance. The authors would like to extend their appreciation to Dr. Ursel Hornung and Bingfeng Guo at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Special thanks to Caltex for supporting our research through the generous donation of the diesel fuel.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2020/3/15
Y1 - 2020/3/15
N2 - Nitrogen (N) content in algae hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biocrude is high (5–8 wt%) and generally presumed to result in high NOx emissions during combustion. However, to our knowledge a very limited previous work on diesel engine performance and emissions of N-containing fuels. In order to investigate this issue, pyridine, an N-heterocyclic compound commonly found in algae biocrude, was blended with diesel fuel. This study investigated the influence of N in fuels, using a surrogate fuel to simulate algal biocrude, to determine the combustion behavior and emissions profile of an industrial multi-cylinder diesel engine. The presence of N in the fuel affected its physical properties. Density was slightly higher than neat diesel, while the viscosity, the flash point and the higher heating value (HHV) of the N-containing fuels reduced with increasing N content. The flash point of N-containing fuels were reduced, which affects the storage and transportation of the fuel. The engine load between 25 and 75% was observed to have an effect on engine performance parameters. Compared to diesel, N-containing fuels emitted both lower carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). Increasing nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were observed with increasing N content in the fuels. At 50% and 75% loads, NOx emissions from N0.1 (0.1 wt% N), N0.5 (0.5 wt% N) and N2 (2 wt% N) were lower than for EUROIII. Particulate matter (PM) was lower for N-containing fuels compared to diesel fuel except for N0.1.
AB - Nitrogen (N) content in algae hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biocrude is high (5–8 wt%) and generally presumed to result in high NOx emissions during combustion. However, to our knowledge a very limited previous work on diesel engine performance and emissions of N-containing fuels. In order to investigate this issue, pyridine, an N-heterocyclic compound commonly found in algae biocrude, was blended with diesel fuel. This study investigated the influence of N in fuels, using a surrogate fuel to simulate algal biocrude, to determine the combustion behavior and emissions profile of an industrial multi-cylinder diesel engine. The presence of N in the fuel affected its physical properties. Density was slightly higher than neat diesel, while the viscosity, the flash point and the higher heating value (HHV) of the N-containing fuels reduced with increasing N content. The flash point of N-containing fuels were reduced, which affects the storage and transportation of the fuel. The engine load between 25 and 75% was observed to have an effect on engine performance parameters. Compared to diesel, N-containing fuels emitted both lower carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). Increasing nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were observed with increasing N content in the fuels. At 50% and 75% loads, NOx emissions from N0.1 (0.1 wt% N), N0.5 (0.5 wt% N) and N2 (2 wt% N) were lower than for EUROIII. Particulate matter (PM) was lower for N-containing fuels compared to diesel fuel except for N0.1.
KW - Algae HTL biocrude
KW - Engine emissions
KW - Engine performance
KW - Nitrogen
KW - Surrogate fuel
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076317703&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116805
DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116805
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85076317703
SN - 0016-2361
VL - 264
JO - Fuel
JF - Fuel
M1 - 116805
ER -