TY - JOUR
T1 - Electronic nose as a tool for early detection of diseases and quality monitoring in fresh postharvest produce
T2 - A comprehensive review
AU - Ali, Asgar
AU - Mansol, Aiman S.
AU - Khan, Ayesha Ashraf
AU - Muthoosamy, Kasturi
AU - Siddiqui, Yasmeen
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme—“FRGS/1/2019/STG05/UNIM/01/2.”
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists.
PY - 2023/5
Y1 - 2023/5
N2 - Postharvest diseases and quality degradation are the major factors causing food losses in the fresh produce supply chain. Hence, detecting diseases and quality deterioration at the asymptomatic stage of produce enables growers to treat the diseases earlier, maintain quality and reduce postharvest food losses. With the emergence of numerous technologies to detect diseases early and monitor the quality of fresh produce, such as polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry, and near-infrared spectroscopy, electronic nose (EN) has also gained acknowledgement and popularity in the past decade as a robust and non-invasive analysis tool to detect odor profile and establish volatile biomarkers for metabolomics databases. However, literature reviewing the EN research on the early detection of diseases in produce after harvest is scarce. The fundamental concept of EN working principles (odor sampling, gas detection, and data acquisition method), as well as the application of EN as a whole, are covered in the first section of the review. An in-depth discussion of the application of EN analysis in the early identification of postharvest diseases and quality monitoring is provided in the subsequent sections, which is the key objective of this comprehensive review. The prospect, limitations, and likely future developments of EN in the postharvest sector are further highlighted in the last section.
AB - Postharvest diseases and quality degradation are the major factors causing food losses in the fresh produce supply chain. Hence, detecting diseases and quality deterioration at the asymptomatic stage of produce enables growers to treat the diseases earlier, maintain quality and reduce postharvest food losses. With the emergence of numerous technologies to detect diseases early and monitor the quality of fresh produce, such as polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry, and near-infrared spectroscopy, electronic nose (EN) has also gained acknowledgement and popularity in the past decade as a robust and non-invasive analysis tool to detect odor profile and establish volatile biomarkers for metabolomics databases. However, literature reviewing the EN research on the early detection of diseases in produce after harvest is scarce. The fundamental concept of EN working principles (odor sampling, gas detection, and data acquisition method), as well as the application of EN as a whole, are covered in the first section of the review. An in-depth discussion of the application of EN analysis in the early identification of postharvest diseases and quality monitoring is provided in the subsequent sections, which is the key objective of this comprehensive review. The prospect, limitations, and likely future developments of EN in the postharvest sector are further highlighted in the last section.
KW - early detection
KW - electronic nose
KW - fruits and vegetables
KW - postharvest diseases
KW - postharvest quality
KW - volatile biomarker
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152783658&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/1541-4337.13151
DO - 10.1111/1541-4337.13151
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37042021
AN - SCOPUS:85152783658
SN - 1541-4337
VL - 22
SP - 2408
EP - 2432
JO - Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
JF - Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
IS - 3
ER -