Electroencephalogram Reactivity to Hyperglycemia in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

This paper is concerned with a study of hyperglycemia on four patients with type 1 diabetes at night time. We investigated the association between hyperglycemic episodes and electroencephalogram (EEG) signals using data from the central and occipital areas. The power spectral density of the brain waves was estimated to compare the difference between hyperglycemia and euglycemia using the hyperglycemic threshold of 8.3 mmol/L. The statistical results showed that alpha and beta bands were more sensitive to hyperglycemic episodes than delta and theta bands. During hyperglycemia, whereas the alpha power increased significantly in the occipital lobe (P<0.005), the power of the beta band increased significantly in all observed channels (P<0.01). Using the Pearson correlation, we assessed the relationship between EEG signals and glycemic episodes. The estimated EEG power levels of the alpha band and the beta band produced a significant correlation against blood glucose levels (P<0.005). These preliminary results show the potential of using EEG signals as a biomarker to detect hyperglycemia.