Efficacy and safety of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors plus standard care in diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Louise M Woodhams, Leanne Chalmers, Tin Fei Sim, Bu B Yeap, Markus P Schlaich, Carl Schultz, Graham S Hillis

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Many people with type 2 diabetes progress to end-stage diabetic kidney disease (DKD) despite blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, suggesting the need for innovative treatment options for DKD. To capture the findings of recent studies, we performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors combined with standard care involving angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on the development and progression of DKD in people with type 2 diabetes compared with standard care alone.

METHODS: The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and clinical trials registers were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials published before 1 September 2022. Primary outcomes were urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Secondary outcomes were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Relative risk was calculated for adverse events.

RESULTS: Eight studies enrolling 5512 participants were included. In the meta-analysis (n = 1327), SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a statistically significant reduction in UACR (weighted mean difference [WMD] -105.61 mg/g, 95 % CI -197.25 to -13.98, I 2 = 99 %, p = 0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in relation to eGFR (n = 1375; WMD -0.23 mL/min/1.73m 2, 95 % CI -4.34 to 3.89, I 2 = 94 %, p = 0.91).

CONCLUSIONS: SGLT2 inhibitors in addition to standard care including ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs significantly reduced albuminuria, HbA1c and SBP when compared to standard care alone, supporting their routine use in people with type 2 diabetes.

Original languageEnglish
Article number108456
Pages (from-to)108456
Number of pages1
JournalJournal of Diabetes and Its Complications
Volume37
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jun 2023

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