TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of combined dredging-related stressors on sponges
T2 - A laboratory approach using realistic scenarios
AU - Pineda, Mari Carmen
AU - Strehlow, Brian
AU - Kamp, Jasmine
AU - Duckworth, Alan
AU - Jones, Ross
AU - Webster, Nicole S.
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - Dredging can cause increased suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs), light attenuation and sedimentation in marine communities. In order to determine the combined effects of dredging-related pressures on adult sponges, three species spanning different nutritional modes and morphologies were exposed to 5 treatment levels representing realistic dredging scenarios. Most sponges survived under low to moderate turbidity scenarios (SSCs of ≤ 33 mg L-1, and a daily light integral of ≥0.5 mol photons m-2 d-1) for up to 28 d. However, under the highest turbidity scenario (76 mg L-1, 0.1 mol photons m-2 d-1) there was 20% and 90% mortality of the phototrophic sponges Cliona orientalis and Carteriospongia foliascens respectively, and tissue regression in the heterotrophic Ianthella basta. All three sponge species exhibited mechanisms to effectively tolerate dredging-related pressures in the short term (e.g. oscula closure, mucus production and tissue regression), although reduced lipids and deterioration of sponge health suggest that longer term exposure to similar conditions is likely to result in higher mortality. These results suggest that the combination of high SSCs and low light availability can accelerate mortality, increasing the probability of biological effects, although there is considerable interspecies variability in how adult sponges respond to dredging pressures.
AB - Dredging can cause increased suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs), light attenuation and sedimentation in marine communities. In order to determine the combined effects of dredging-related pressures on adult sponges, three species spanning different nutritional modes and morphologies were exposed to 5 treatment levels representing realistic dredging scenarios. Most sponges survived under low to moderate turbidity scenarios (SSCs of ≤ 33 mg L-1, and a daily light integral of ≥0.5 mol photons m-2 d-1) for up to 28 d. However, under the highest turbidity scenario (76 mg L-1, 0.1 mol photons m-2 d-1) there was 20% and 90% mortality of the phototrophic sponges Cliona orientalis and Carteriospongia foliascens respectively, and tissue regression in the heterotrophic Ianthella basta. All three sponge species exhibited mechanisms to effectively tolerate dredging-related pressures in the short term (e.g. oscula closure, mucus production and tissue regression), although reduced lipids and deterioration of sponge health suggest that longer term exposure to similar conditions is likely to result in higher mortality. These results suggest that the combination of high SSCs and low light availability can accelerate mortality, increasing the probability of biological effects, although there is considerable interspecies variability in how adult sponges respond to dredging pressures.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85024121274&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-017-05251-x
DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-05251-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 28701759
AN - SCOPUS:85024121274
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 7
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 5155
ER -