Complexity generation in fungal polyketide biosynthesis: A spirocycle-forming P450 in the concise pathway to the antifungal drug griseofulvin

R.A. Cacho, Heng Chooi, H. Zhou, Y. Tang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

85 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Griseofulvin (1) is a spirocyclic fungal natural product used in treatment of fungal dermatophytes. Formation of the spirocycle, or the grisan scaffold, from a benzophenone precursor is critical for the activity of 1. In this study, we have systematically characterized each of the biosynthetic enzymes related to the biogenesis of 1, including the characterization of a new polyketide synthase GsfA that synthesizes the benzophenone precursor and a cytochrome P450 GsfF that performs oxidative coupling between the orcinol and the phloroglucinol rings to yield the grisan structure. Notably, the finding of GsfF is in sharp contrast to the copper-dependent dihydrogeodin oxidase that performs a similar reaction in the geodin biosynthetic pathway. The biosynthetic knowledge enabled the in vitro total biosynthesis of 1 from malonyl-CoA using all purified enzyme components. This work therefore completely maps out the previously unresolved enzymology of the biosynthesis of a therapeutically relevant natural product © 2013 American Chemical Society.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2322-2330
JournalACS Chemical Biology
Volume8
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2013

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