TY - JOUR
T1 - Community-Acquired Pneumonia Visualized on CT Scans but Not Chest Radiographs
T2 - Pathogens, Severity, and Clinical Outcomes
AU - Upchurch, Cameron P.
AU - Grijalva, Carlos G.
AU - Wunderink, Richard G.
AU - Williams, Derek J.
AU - Waterer, Grant W.
AU - Anderson, Evan J.
AU - Zhu, Yuwei
AU - Hart, Eric M.
AU - Carroll, Frank
AU - Bramley, Anna M.
AU - Jain, Seema
AU - Edwards, Kathryn M.
AU - Self, Wesley H.
PY - 2018/3/1
Y1 - 2018/3/1
N2 - Background: The clinical significance of pneumonia visualized on CT scan in the setting of a normal chest radiograph is uncertain. Methods: In a multicenter prospective surveillance study of adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), we compared the presenting clinical features, pathogens present, and outcomes of patients with pneumonia visualized on a CT scan but not on a concurrent chest radiograph (CT-only pneumonia) and those with pneumonia visualized on a chest radiograph. All patients underwent chest radiography; the decision to obtain CT imaging was determined by the treating clinicians. Chest radiographs and CT images were interpreted by study-dedicated thoracic radiologists blinded to the clinical data. Results: The study population included 2,251 adults with CAP; 2,185 patients (97%) had pneumonia visualized on chest radiography, whereas 66 patients (3%) had pneumonia visualized on CT scan but not on concurrent chest radiography. Overall, these patients with CT-only pneumonia had a clinical profile similar to those with pneumonia visualized on chest radiography, including comorbidities, vital signs, hospital length of stay, prevalence of viral (30% vs 26%) and bacterial (12% vs 14%) pathogens, ICU admission (23% vs 21%), use of mechanical ventilation (6% vs 5%), septic shock (5% vs 4%), and inhospital mortality (0 vs 2%). Conclusions: Adults hospitalized with CAP who had radiological evidence of pneumonia on CT scan but not on concurrent chest radiograph had pathogens, disease severity, and outcomes similar to patients who had signs of pneumonia on chest radiography. These findings support using the same management principles for patients with CT-only pneumonia and those with pneumonia seen on chest radiography.
AB - Background: The clinical significance of pneumonia visualized on CT scan in the setting of a normal chest radiograph is uncertain. Methods: In a multicenter prospective surveillance study of adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), we compared the presenting clinical features, pathogens present, and outcomes of patients with pneumonia visualized on a CT scan but not on a concurrent chest radiograph (CT-only pneumonia) and those with pneumonia visualized on a chest radiograph. All patients underwent chest radiography; the decision to obtain CT imaging was determined by the treating clinicians. Chest radiographs and CT images were interpreted by study-dedicated thoracic radiologists blinded to the clinical data. Results: The study population included 2,251 adults with CAP; 2,185 patients (97%) had pneumonia visualized on chest radiography, whereas 66 patients (3%) had pneumonia visualized on CT scan but not on concurrent chest radiography. Overall, these patients with CT-only pneumonia had a clinical profile similar to those with pneumonia visualized on chest radiography, including comorbidities, vital signs, hospital length of stay, prevalence of viral (30% vs 26%) and bacterial (12% vs 14%) pathogens, ICU admission (23% vs 21%), use of mechanical ventilation (6% vs 5%), septic shock (5% vs 4%), and inhospital mortality (0 vs 2%). Conclusions: Adults hospitalized with CAP who had radiological evidence of pneumonia on CT scan but not on concurrent chest radiograph had pathogens, disease severity, and outcomes similar to patients who had signs of pneumonia on chest radiography. These findings support using the same management principles for patients with CT-only pneumonia and those with pneumonia seen on chest radiography.
KW - chest radiography
KW - CT scan
KW - pneumonia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042923171&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.035
DO - 10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.035
M3 - Article
C2 - 28802696
AN - SCOPUS:85042923171
SN - 0012-3692
VL - 153
SP - 601
EP - 610
JO - Chest
JF - Chest
IS - 3
ER -