TY - JOUR
T1 - CO(J = 1-0) Mapping Survey of 64 Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster with the ALMA Morita Array
AU - Morokuma-Matsui, Kana
AU - Bekki, Kenji
AU - Wang, Jing
AU - Serra, Paolo
AU - Koyama, Yusei
AU - Morokuma, Tomoki
AU - Egusa, Fumi
AU - For, Bi Qing
AU - Nakanishi, Kouichiro
AU - Koribalski, Bärbel S.
AU - Okamoto, Takashi
AU - Kodama, Tadayuki
AU - Lee, Bumhyun
AU - Maccagni, Filippo M.
AU - Miura, Rie E.
AU - Espada, Daniel
AU - Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
AU - Yang, Dong
AU - Lee, Minju M.
AU - Ueda, Masaki
AU - Matsushita, Kyoko
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the anonymous referee for the constructive comments, which improved the manuscript. K.M.M. thanks Hidenobu Yajima for the discussion on the dominant environmental effect on Fornax cluster galaxies. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 16H02158, JP17K14259, 18H03717, 19K03937, 19J40004, 19H01931, 19H05076, 20H05861, 21H01128, and 21H04496. This work has also been supported in part by the Sumitomo Foundation Fiscal 2018 Grant for Basic Science Research Projects (180923) and the Collaboration Funding of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics “New Development of the Studies on Galaxy Evolution with a Method of Data Science.” D.E. acknowledges support from: a Beatriz Galindo senior fellowship (BG20/00224) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, projects PID2020-114414GB-100 and PID2020-113689GB-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, project P20_00334 financed by the Junta de Andalucía, project A-FQM-510-UGR20 of the FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades. F.M.M. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 679627; project name FORNAX and grant agreement No. 882793; project name MeerGas). B.Q.F. was supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), through project No. CE170100013. B.L. acknowledges support from a Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (Project No. 2022-1- 840-05). This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2017.1.00129.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. Data analysis was carried out on the Multi-wavelength Data Analysis System operated by the Astronomy Data Center (ADC), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database 2019), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Funding Information:
We thank the anonymous referee for the constructive comments, which improved the manuscript. K.M.M. thanks Hidenobu Yajima for the discussion on the dominant environmental effect on Fornax cluster galaxies. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 16H02158, JP17K14259, 18H03717, 19K03937, 19J40004, 19H01931, 19H05076, 20H05861, 21H01128, and 21H04496. This work has also been supported in part by the Sumitomo Foundation Fiscal 2018 Grant for Basic Science Research Projects (180923) and the Collaboration Funding of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics “New Development of the Studies on Galaxy Evolution with a Method of Data Science.” D.E. acknowledges support from: a Beatriz Galindo senior fellowship (BG20/00224) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, projects PID2020-114414GB-100 and PID2020-113689GB-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, project P20_00334 financed by the Junta de Andalucía, project A-FQM-510-UGR20 of the FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades. F.M.M. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 679627; project name FORNAX and grant agreement No. 882793; project name MeerGas). B.Q.F. was supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), through project No. CE170100013. B.L. acknowledges support from a Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (Project No. 2022-1- 840-05). This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2017.1.00129.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. Data analysis was carried out on the Multi-wavelength Data Analysis System operated by the Astronomy Data Center (ADC), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database ), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - We conduct a 12C16O(J = 1−0) (hereafter CO) mapping survey of 64 galaxies in the Fornax cluster using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Morita array in cycle 5. CO emission is detected from 23 out of the 64 galaxies. Our sample includes dwarf, spiral, and elliptical galaxies with stellar masses of M star ∼ 106.3−11.6 M ⊙. The achieved beam size and sensitivity are 15″ × 8″ and ∼12 mJy beam−1 at the velocity resolution of ∼10 km s−1, respectively. We study the cold gas (molecular and atomic gas) properties of 38 subsamples with M star > 109 M ⊙ combined with literature H i data. We find that (1) the low star formation (SF) activity in the Fornax galaxies is caused by the decrease in the cold gas mass fraction with respect to stellar mass (hereafter, gas fraction) rather than the decrease of the SF efficiency from the cold gas; (2) the atomic gas fraction is more heavily reduced than the molecular gas fraction of such galaxies with low SF activity. A comparison between the cold gas properties of the Fornax galaxies and their environmental properties suggests that the atomic gas is stripped tidally and by the ram pressure, which leads to the molecular gas depletion with an aid of the strangulation and consequently SF quenching. Preprocesses in the group environment would also play a role in reducing cold gas reservoirs in some Fornax galaxies.
AB - We conduct a 12C16O(J = 1−0) (hereafter CO) mapping survey of 64 galaxies in the Fornax cluster using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Morita array in cycle 5. CO emission is detected from 23 out of the 64 galaxies. Our sample includes dwarf, spiral, and elliptical galaxies with stellar masses of M star ∼ 106.3−11.6 M ⊙. The achieved beam size and sensitivity are 15″ × 8″ and ∼12 mJy beam−1 at the velocity resolution of ∼10 km s−1, respectively. We study the cold gas (molecular and atomic gas) properties of 38 subsamples with M star > 109 M ⊙ combined with literature H i data. We find that (1) the low star formation (SF) activity in the Fornax galaxies is caused by the decrease in the cold gas mass fraction with respect to stellar mass (hereafter, gas fraction) rather than the decrease of the SF efficiency from the cold gas; (2) the atomic gas fraction is more heavily reduced than the molecular gas fraction of such galaxies with low SF activity. A comparison between the cold gas properties of the Fornax galaxies and their environmental properties suggests that the atomic gas is stripped tidally and by the ram pressure, which leads to the molecular gas depletion with an aid of the strangulation and consequently SF quenching. Preprocesses in the group environment would also play a role in reducing cold gas reservoirs in some Fornax galaxies.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144071855&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/ac983b
DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/ac983b
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85144071855
SN - 0067-0049
VL - 263
JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
IS - 2
M1 - 40
ER -