Cognitive impairment in older patients with breast cancer before systemic therapy: Is there an interaction between cancer and comorbidity?

Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Robert A. Stern, Gheorghe Luta, Meghan McGuckin, Jonathan D. Clapp, Arti Hurria, Paul B. Jacobsen, Leigh Anne Faul, Claudine Isaacs, Neelima Denduluri, Brandon Gavett, Tiffany A. Traina, Patricia Johnson, Rebecca A. Silliman, R. Scott Turner, Darlene Howard, John W. Van Meter, Andrew Saykin, Tim Ahles

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

139 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Purpose: To determine if older patients with breast cancer have cognitive impairment before systemic therapy. Patients and Methods: Participants were patients with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic breast cancer and matched friend or community controls age > 60 years without prior systemic treatment, dementia, or neurologic disease. Participants completed surveys and a 55-minute battery of 17 neuropsychological tests. Biospecimens were obtained for APOE genotyping, and clinical data were abstracted. Neuropsychological test scores were standardized using control means and standard deviations (SDs) and grouped into five domain z scores. Cognitive impairment was defined as any domain z score two SDs below or ≥ two z scores 1.5 SDs below the control mean. Multivariable analyses evaluated pretreatment differences considering age, race, education, and site; comparisons between patient cases also controlled for surgery. Results: The 164 patient cases and 182 controls had similar neuropsychological domain scores. However, among patient cases, those with stage II to III cancers had lower executive function compared with those with stage 0 to I disease, after adjustment (P = .05). The odds of impairment were significantly higher among older, nonwhite, less educated women and those with greater comorbidity, after adjustment. Patient case or control status, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and surgery were not associated with impairment. However, there was an interaction between comorbidity and patient case or control status; comorbidity was strongly associated with impairment among patient cases (adjusted odds ratio, 8.77; 95% CI, 2.06 to 37.4; P = .003) but not among controls (P = .97). Only diabetes and cardiovascular disease were associated with impairment among patient cases. Conclusion: There were no overall differences between patients with breast cancer and controls before systemic treatment, but there may be pretreatment cognitive impairment within subgroups of patient cases with greater tumor or comorbidity burden.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1909-1918
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
Volume32
Issue number18
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 20 Jun 2014
Externally publishedYes

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