ChemR23, a putative chemoattractant receptor, is expressed in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and macrophages and is a coreceptor for SIV and some primary HIV-1 strains

M Samson, AL Edinger, P Stordeur, J Rucker, V. Verhasselt, M Sharron, C Govaerts, C Mollereau, G Vassart, RW Doms, M Parmentier

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205 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Leukocyte chemoattractants act through a rapidly growing subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. We report the cloning of a novel human gene encoding an orphan receptor (ChemR23) related to the C3a, C5a and formyl Met-Leu-Phe receptors, and more distantly to the subfamilies of chemokine receptors. ChemR23 transcripts were found to be abundant in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and macrophages, treated or not with LPS. Low expression could also be detected by reverse transcription-PCR in CD4(+) T lymphocytes. The gene encoding ChemR23 was assigned by radiation hybrid mapping to the q21.2-21.3 region of human chromosome 12, outside the gene clusters identified so far for chemoattractant receptors. Given the increasing number of chemoattractant receptors used by HIV-I, HIV-2 and SIV as coreceptors, ChemR23 was tested in fusion assays for potential coreceptor activity by a range of viral strains. None of the tested HIV-2 strains made use of ChemR23 as a coreceptor, but several SIV strains (SIVmac316, SIVmac239, SIVmac17E-Fr and SIVsm62A), as well as a primary HIV-1 strain (92UG024-2) used it efficiently. ChemR23 therefore appears as a coreceptor for immunodeficiency viruses that does not belong to the chemokine receptor family. It is also a putative chemoattractant receptor relatively specific for antigen-presenting cells, and it could play an important role in the recruitment or trafficking of these cell populations. Future work will be required to identify the ligand(s) of this new G protein-coupled receptor and to define its precise role in the physiology of dendritic cells and macrophages.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1689-1700
Number of pages12
JournalEuropean Journal of Immunology
Volume28
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 1998

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