TY - JOUR
T1 - Catalytic Cracking of 1,3,5-Triisopropylbenzene and Low-Density Polyethylene over Hierarchical Y Zeolites and Al-SBA-15
AU - Mensah, Jim
AU - Yan, Penghui
AU - Rawal, Aditya
AU - Lee, Adam F.
AU - Wilson, Karen
AU - Robinson, Neil
AU - Johns, Michael L.
AU - Kennedy, Eric
AU - Stockenhuber, Michael
PY - 2024/2/8
Y1 - 2024/2/8
N2 - Catalytic cracking of high molecular weight hydrocarbons underpins the production of fossil fuels from petroleum vapour and the recycling of polyolefin waste plastic. However, thermal cracking over conventional microporous solid acids is hindered by poor mass-transport. Here we explore the performance of hierarchical H−Y zeolites and Al-SBA-15 for the catalytic cracking of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene (1,3,5-TIPB) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in a continuous fixed-bed flow reactor. Dealumination by acid washing was used to create hierarchical mesoporosity in H−Y zeolite and modify the solid acidity. Physicochemical properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gas adsorption, in-situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ex-situ pyridine DRIFT, 29Si and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 1H relaxation and pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR diffusion studies. Despite weakening acidity, the introduction of hierarchical porosity promotes deep cracking of both feedstocks; HNO3 dealuminated H−Y produces five times more cumene and benzene from 1,3-5-TIPB, and 33 % more benzene and xylenes from LDPE, than the parent H−Y.
AB - Catalytic cracking of high molecular weight hydrocarbons underpins the production of fossil fuels from petroleum vapour and the recycling of polyolefin waste plastic. However, thermal cracking over conventional microporous solid acids is hindered by poor mass-transport. Here we explore the performance of hierarchical H−Y zeolites and Al-SBA-15 for the catalytic cracking of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene (1,3,5-TIPB) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in a continuous fixed-bed flow reactor. Dealumination by acid washing was used to create hierarchical mesoporosity in H−Y zeolite and modify the solid acidity. Physicochemical properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gas adsorption, in-situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ex-situ pyridine DRIFT, 29Si and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 1H relaxation and pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR diffusion studies. Despite weakening acidity, the introduction of hierarchical porosity promotes deep cracking of both feedstocks; HNO3 dealuminated H−Y produces five times more cumene and benzene from 1,3-5-TIPB, and 33 % more benzene and xylenes from LDPE, than the parent H−Y.
KW - acidity
KW - cracking
KW - mesopores
KW - micropores
KW - zeolites
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180660475&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/cctc.202300884
DO - 10.1002/cctc.202300884
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85180660475
SN - 1867-3880
VL - 16
JO - ChemCatChem
JF - ChemCatChem
IS - 3
M1 - e202300884
ER -