@article{cb8864fd5ddc4f12b49722ef19fa7c50,
title = "Binary Black Hole Population Properties Inferred from the First and Second Observing Runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo",
abstract = "We present results on the mass, spin, and redshift distributions with phenomenological population models using the 10 binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected in the first and second observing runs completed by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. We constrain properties of the BBH mass spectrum using models with a range of parameterizations of the BBH mass and spin distributions. We find that the mass distribution of the more massive BH in such binaries is well approximated by models with no more than 1% of BHs more massive than 45 M and a power-law index of (90% credibility). We also show that BBHs are unlikely to be composed of BHs with large spins aligned to the orbital angular momentum. Modeling the evolution of the BBH merger rate with redshift, we show that it is flat or increasing with redshift with 93% probability. Marginalizing over uncertainties in the BBH population, we find robust estimates of the BBH merger rate density of R= (90% credibility). As the BBH catalog grows in future observing runs, we expect that uncertainties in the population model parameters will shrink, potentially providing insights into the formation of BHs via supernovae, binary interactions of massive stars, stellar cluster dynamics, and the formation history of BHs across cosmic time.",
keywords = "black holes, gravitational waves, statistical",
author = "{LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaborations} and Abbott, {B. P.} and R. Abbott and Abbott, {T. D.} and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and C. Adams and Adhikari, {R. X.} and Adya, {V. B.} and C. Affeldt and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, {O. D.} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Aloy, {M. A.} and Altin, {P. A.} and A. Amato and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, {S. B.} and Anderson, {W. G.} and Angelova, {S. V.} and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Araya, {M. C.} and Areeda, {J. S.} and M. Ar{\`e}ne and N. Arnaud and Arun, {K. G.} and S. Ascenzi and G. Ashton and Aston, {S. M.} and P. Astone and F. Aubin and P. Aufmuth and K. Aultoneal and C. Austin and V. Avendano and A. Avila-Alvarez and S. Babak and P. Bacon and F. Badaracco and Bader, {M. K.M.} and S. Bae and Baker, {P. T.} and F. Baldaccini and G. Ballardin and Ballmer, {S. W.} and S. Banagiri and Barayoga, {J. C.} and Barclay, {S. E.} and Barish, {B. C.} and D. Barker and K. Barkett and S. Barnum and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and J. Bartlett and I. Bartos and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and M. Bawaj and Bayley, {J. C.} and M. Bazzan and B. B{\'e}csy and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and Bell, {A. S.} and D. Beniwal and Berger, {B. K.} and G. Bergmann and S. Bernuzzi and Bero, {J. J.} and Berry, {C. P.L.} and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and R. Bhandare and J. Bidler and Bilenko, {I. A.} and Bilgili, {S. A.} and G. Billingsley and J. Birch and R. Birney and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscans and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and M. Bitossi and Bizouard, {M. A.} and Blackburn, {J. K.} and Blair, {C. D.} and Blair, {D. G.} and Blair, {R. M.} and S. Bloemen and N. Bode and M. Boer and Y. Boetzel and G. Bogaert and F. Bondu and E. Bonilla and R. Bonnand and P. Booker and Boom, {B. A.} and Booth, {C. D.} and R. Bork and V. Boschi and S. Bose and K. Bossie and V. Bossilkov and J. Bosveld and Y. Bouffanais and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and Brady, {P. R.} and A. Bramley and M. Branchesi and Brau, {J. E.} and T. Briant and Briggs, {J. H.} and F. Brighenti and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and V. Brisson and P. Brockill and Brooks, {A. F.} and Brown, {D. D.} and S. Brunett and A. Buikema and T. Bulik and Bulten, {H. J.} and A. Buonanno and R. Buscicchio and D. Buskulic and C. Buy and Byer, {R. L.} and M. Cabero and L. Cadonati and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and Bustillo, {J. Calder{\'o}n} and Callister, {T. A.} and E. Calloni and Camp, {J. B.} and Campbell, {W. A.} and M. Canepa and Cannon, {K. C.} and H. Cao and J. Cao and E. Capocasa and F. Carbognani and S. Caride and Carney, {M. F.} and G. Carullo and Diaz, {J. Casanueva} and C. Casentini and S. Caudill and M. Cavagli{\`a} and F. Cavalier and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and P. Cerd{\'a}-Dur{\'a}n and G. Cerretani and E. Cesarini and O. Chaibi and K. Chakravarti and Chamberlin, {S. J.} and M. Chan and S. Chao and P. Charlton and Chase, {E. A.} and E. Chassande-Mottin and D. Chatterjee and M. Chaturvedi and K. Chatziioannou and Cheeseboro, {B. D.} and Chen, {H. Y.} and X. Chen and Y. Chen and Cheng, {H. P.} and Cheong, {C. K.} and Chia, {H. Y.} and A. Chincarini and A. Chiummo and G. Cho and Cho, {H. S.} and M. Cho and N. Christensen and Q. Chu and S. Chua and Chung, {K. W.} and S. Chung and G. Ciani and Ciobanu, {A. A.} and R. Ciolfi and F. Cipriano and A. Cirone and F. Clara and Clark, {J. A.} and P. Clearwater and F. Cleva and C. Cocchieri and E. Coccia and Cohadon, {P. F.} and D. Cohen and R. Colgan and M. Colleoni and Collette, {C. G.} and C. Collins and Cominsky, {L. R.} and M. Constancio and L. Conti and Cooper, {S. J.} and P. Corban and Corbitt, {T. R.} and I. Cordero-Carri{\'o}n and Corley, {K. R.} and N. Cornish and A. Corsi and S. Cortese and Costa, {C. A.} and R. Cotesta and Coughlin, {M. W.} and Coughlin, {S. B.} and Coulon, {J. P.} and Countryman, {S. T.} and P. Couvares and Covas, {P. B.} and Cowan, {E. E.} and Coward, {D. M.} and Danilishin, {S. L.} and J. Degallaix and Howell, {E. J.} and L. Ju and J. Liu and Mccann, {J. J.} and Page, {M. A.} and Slaven-Blair, {T. J.} and {Van Heijningen}, {J. V.V.} and L. Wen and Zhu, {X. J.}",
year = "2019",
month = sep,
day = "10",
doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/ab3800",
language = "English",
volume = "882",
journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",
issn = "2041-8205",
publisher = "IOP Publishing",
number = "2",
}