TY - JOUR
T1 - Application of extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer
T2 - Implications for clinical practice
AU - Oey, Oliver
AU - Ghaffari, Mazyar
AU - Li, Jiao Jiao
AU - Hosseini-Beheshti, Elham
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge funding from the Dust Disease Board/iCare Research Discovery Grant (to EHB), and the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia; GNT1120249 to JJL). The views expressed herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of icare or the Dust Diseases Board.
Funding Information:
Oliver Oey is a Doctor of Medicine (MD) candidate at the University of Western Australia, who has an avid interest in medical oncology and cancer research. He completed a Bachelor of Medical Science at the University of Sydney, for which he was named on the Dean’s list for excellence in academic performance. His academic excellence has been recognised by the Western Australia International Tertiary Student of the Year award, and the Cancer Research Student Vacation Scholarship from Cancer Council WA. He is actively contributing to research projects on urological cancer, melanoma and pancreatic cancer with Fiona Stanley Hospital and Edith Cowan University.
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge funding from the Dust Disease Board/iCare Research Discovery Grant (to EHB), and the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia; GNT1120249 to JJL). The views expressed herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of icare or the Dust Diseases Board.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EV) are cell-derived lipid bilayer-delimited structures providing an important means of intercellular communication. Recent studies have shown that EV, particularly exosomes and large-oncosomes contain miRNA and proteins crucial in prostate cancer (PCa) progression, metastasis and treatment resistance. This includes not just EV released from PCa cells, but also from other cells in the tumor microenvironment. PCa patient derived EV have a unique composition compared to healthy and benign prostatic diseases. As such, EV show promise as diagnostic liquid biopsy biomarkers, both as an adjunct and alternative to the invasive current gold-standard. EV could also be utilized to stratify patients' risk and predict response to hormonal, chemo, immune- and targeted therapy, which will direct future treatment decisions in PCa. We present a summary of the current evidence on the role of EV in PCa and the application of EV in PCa diagnosis and treatment to optimize patient outcomes.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EV) are cell-derived lipid bilayer-delimited structures providing an important means of intercellular communication. Recent studies have shown that EV, particularly exosomes and large-oncosomes contain miRNA and proteins crucial in prostate cancer (PCa) progression, metastasis and treatment resistance. This includes not just EV released from PCa cells, but also from other cells in the tumor microenvironment. PCa patient derived EV have a unique composition compared to healthy and benign prostatic diseases. As such, EV show promise as diagnostic liquid biopsy biomarkers, both as an adjunct and alternative to the invasive current gold-standard. EV could also be utilized to stratify patients' risk and predict response to hormonal, chemo, immune- and targeted therapy, which will direct future treatment decisions in PCa. We present a summary of the current evidence on the role of EV in PCa and the application of EV in PCa diagnosis and treatment to optimize patient outcomes.
KW - Abiraterone
KW - Androgen-deprivation therapy
KW - Biomarker discovery
KW - Cell-cell communication
KW - Chemotherapy
KW - Circulating immune-related biomarker
KW - Docetaxel
KW - Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
KW - Exosomes
KW - Extracellular vesicles
KW - Immune-modulation
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - Large oncosomes
KW - Liquid biopsy
KW - Metastasis
KW - Prostate cancer
KW - Targeted therapy
KW - Tumour microenvironment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85117612115&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103495
DO - 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103495
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34655743
SN - 1040-8428
VL - 167
JO - Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
JF - Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
M1 - 103495
ER -
