Antenatal and postnatal influences on preterm diaphragm function

Impaired diaphragm development likely contributes to respiratory insufficiencies in preterm infants. This thesis addresses the impact of perinatal inflammation, glucocorticoid therapy, and mechanical ventilation, on preterm diaphragm function during early postnatal life, using preterm lamb and newborn rat models. These studies suggest that the duration of mechanical ventilation is the most significant predictor of preterm diaphragm function; that in utero inflammation increases dependance on mechanical ventilation; and accelerated weaning from mechanical ventilation with dexamethasone benefits preterm diaphragm function. Diaphragm function should be considered when treating preterm respiratory disease.