TY - JOUR
T1 - Anchoring the species Rhizophagus intraradices (formerly Glomus intraradices)
AU - Walker, C.
AU - Schüßler, A.
AU - Vincent, B.
AU - Cranenbrouck, S.
AU - Declerck, S.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank R. Halse, the curator of OSC for the loan of the type material, S. Nemec for providing the sample from the type locality, J.B. Morton, INVAM for the provision of FL 208, M. IJdo (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), for establishing the original root organ culture, and L. Renard (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium) for supplying some of the cultures. We also acknowledge and thank two referees who provided helpful and comprehensive reviews. The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) is supported by the Scottish Government's Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services Division.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute
PY - 2021/12/1
Y1 - 2021/12/1
N2 - The nomenclatural type material of Rhizophagus intraradices (basionym Glomus intraradices) was originally described from a trap pot culture established with root fragments, subcultures of which later became registered in the INVAM culture collection as FL 208. Subcultures of FL 208 (designated as strain ATT 4) and a new strain, independently isolated from the type location (ATT 1102), were established as both pot cultures with soil-like substrate and in vitro root organ culture. Long-term sampling of these cultures shows spores of the species to have considerable morphological plasticity, not described in the original description. Size, shape and other features of the spores were much more variable than indicated in the protologue. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed earlier published evidence that sequences from all R. intraradices cultures formed a monophyletic clade, well separated from, and not representing a sister clade to, R. irregularis. Moreover, new phylogenetic analyses show that Rhizoglomus venetianum and R. irregularis are synonymous. The morphological characters used to separate these species exemplify the difficulties in species recognition due to the high phenotypic plasticity in the genus Rhizophagus. Rhizophagus intraradices is morphologically re-described, an epitype is designated from a single-spore isolate derived from ATT 4, and R. venetianum is synonymised with R. irregularis.
AB - The nomenclatural type material of Rhizophagus intraradices (basionym Glomus intraradices) was originally described from a trap pot culture established with root fragments, subcultures of which later became registered in the INVAM culture collection as FL 208. Subcultures of FL 208 (designated as strain ATT 4) and a new strain, independently isolated from the type location (ATT 1102), were established as both pot cultures with soil-like substrate and in vitro root organ culture. Long-term sampling of these cultures shows spores of the species to have considerable morphological plasticity, not described in the original description. Size, shape and other features of the spores were much more variable than indicated in the protologue. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed earlier published evidence that sequences from all R. intraradices cultures formed a monophyletic clade, well separated from, and not representing a sister clade to, R. irregularis. Moreover, new phylogenetic analyses show that Rhizoglomus venetianum and R. irregularis are synonymous. The morphological characters used to separate these species exemplify the difficulties in species recognition due to the high phenotypic plasticity in the genus Rhizophagus. Rhizophagus intraradices is morphologically re-described, an epitype is designated from a single-spore isolate derived from ATT 4, and R. venetianum is synonymised with R. irregularis.
KW - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
KW - Glomeromycota
KW - molecular phylogeny
KW - phenotypic plasticity
KW - species definition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129670836&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.14
DO - 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.14
M3 - Article
C2 - 35005581
AN - SCOPUS:85129670836
SN - 2589-3823
VL - 8
SP - 179
EP - 201
JO - Fungal Systematics and Evolution
JF - Fungal Systematics and Evolution
ER -