TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in additively manufactured titanium alloys by powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition
T2 - Microstructure, defects, and mechanical behavior
AU - Ma, H. Y.
AU - Wang, J. C.
AU - Qin, P.
AU - Liu, Y. J.
AU - Chen, L. Y.
AU - Wang, L. Q.
AU - Zhang, L. C.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the industrial grant (No. G1006320 ). J.C Wang is grateful for the support of the Forrest Research Foundation PhD scholarship. The authors would like to thank the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. The authors also acknowledge the facilities, and the scientific and technical assistance of the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility at the centre for Microscopy, characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, a facility funded by the University, State and Commonwealth Governments.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
PY - 2024/6/1
Y1 - 2024/6/1
N2 - Ti and its alloys have been broadly adopted across various industries owing to their outstanding properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent fatigue performance, exceptional corrosion resistance and so on. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a complement to, rather than a replacement for, traditional manufacturing processes. It enhances flexibility in fabricating complex components and resolves machining challenges, resulting in reduced lead times for custom designs. However, owing to distinctions among various AM technologies, Ti alloys fabricated by different AM methods usually present differences in microstructure and defects, which can significantly influence the mechanical performance of built parts. Therefore, having an in-depth knowledge of the scientific aspects of fabrication and material properties is crucial to achieving high-performance Ti alloys through different AM methods. This article reviews the mechanical properties of Ti alloys fabricated by two mainstream powder-type AM techniques: powder bed fusion (PBF) and directed energy deposition (DED). The review examines several key aspects, encompassing phase formation, grain size and morphology, and defects, and provides an in-depth analysis of their influence on the mechanical behaviors of Ti alloys. This review can aid researchers and engineers in selecting appropriate PBF or DED methods and optimizing their process parameters to fabricate high-performance Ti alloys for a wide range of industrial applications.
AB - Ti and its alloys have been broadly adopted across various industries owing to their outstanding properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent fatigue performance, exceptional corrosion resistance and so on. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a complement to, rather than a replacement for, traditional manufacturing processes. It enhances flexibility in fabricating complex components and resolves machining challenges, resulting in reduced lead times for custom designs. However, owing to distinctions among various AM technologies, Ti alloys fabricated by different AM methods usually present differences in microstructure and defects, which can significantly influence the mechanical performance of built parts. Therefore, having an in-depth knowledge of the scientific aspects of fabrication and material properties is crucial to achieving high-performance Ti alloys through different AM methods. This article reviews the mechanical properties of Ti alloys fabricated by two mainstream powder-type AM techniques: powder bed fusion (PBF) and directed energy deposition (DED). The review examines several key aspects, encompassing phase formation, grain size and morphology, and defects, and provides an in-depth analysis of their influence on the mechanical behaviors of Ti alloys. This review can aid researchers and engineers in selecting appropriate PBF or DED methods and optimizing their process parameters to fabricate high-performance Ti alloys for a wide range of industrial applications.
KW - Defects
KW - Directed energy deposition
KW - Mechanical property
KW - Phase transformation
KW - Powder bed fusion
KW - Titanium alloys
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85178158651&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.11.003
DO - 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.11.003
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85178158651
SN - 1005-0302
VL - 183
SP - 32
EP - 62
JO - Journal of Materials Science and Technology
JF - Journal of Materials Science and Technology
ER -