Adult body size, sexual history and adolescent sexual development, may predict risk of developing prostate cancer: Results from the New South Wales Lifestyle and Evaluation of Risk Study (CLEAR)

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common non-cutaneous cancer in men worldwide. The relationships between PC and possible risk factors for PC cases (n = 1,181) and male controls (n = 875) from the New South Wales (NSW) Cancer, Lifestyle and Evaluation of Risk Study (CLEAR) were examined in this study. The associations between PC risk and paternal history of PC, body mass index (BMI), medical conditions, sexual behaviour, balding pattern and puberty, after adjusting for age, income, region of birth, place of residence, and PSA testing, were examined. Adjusted risk of PC was higher for men with a paternal history of PC (OR = 2.31; 95%CI: 1.70–3.14), personal history of prostatitis (OR = 2.30; 95%CI: 1.44–3.70), benign prostatic hyperplasia (OR = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.79–2.93), being overweight (vs. normal; OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 0.99–1.55) or obese (vs. normal; OR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.09–1.89), having reported more than seven sexual partners in a lifetime (vs.