A follow-up study confirms day/night enuresis cure in children by squatting-based exercises

Objective: In 2018, we reported 86% cure of day/night enuresis in a randomized controlled trial of 48 children applying three different squatting-based exercises. All children who were cured were by 4 weeks. A follow-up validation study which also aimed to assess whether singular squatting 10 times twice daily protocol was sufficient to cure day/night enuresis and whether most cures occur by 4 weeks. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by three centres, Argentina, Brazil, Equador. Intended protocol: 10 squats twice daily for 4 months. Eligibility criteria were daytime urine leakage plus night-time bedwetting. Exclusion criterion was refusal to sign consent forms. Assessment was by intention to treat, criterion for cure was complete dryness. Results: When interrupted by the COVID virus, 25 cases had been assessed (ages: 6-11, one aged 17 years). Complete cure: Ecuador 5/8, Brazil 4/5, Argentina 7/12, 64% cure, plus 4 (16%) more than 50% improved, with no further changes noted after 4 weeks. The study were analysed with a McNemar’s test, with a null hypothesis of no treatment effect. Small numbers clouded definitive conclusions. Calculating 16/25 cured, the two-tailed p=0.2301; for 20/25 cured or improved, p=0.0051. Conclusion: The method is easily applicable, costs virtually nothing, does not require special equipment. It compares favourably with other methods such as bedwetting alarms. The results, 64% cure and 16% improvement support the 1^st study, and we believe are sufficiently encouraging to recommend adoption by parents and therapists.