TY - JOUR
T1 - Índice de saúde urbana de São Paulo
T2 - medindo e mapeando disparidades em saúde
AU - de Lima, Olivia Almenara Cruz Pereira
AU - Kruger, Estie
AU - Tennant, Marc
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Objective: To calculate and map the health inequalities in the city of São Paulo using the Urban Health Index (UHI) methodology. Methods: Seven indicators were selected from the Brazilian census: (1) proportion of households with access to sewage systems, (2) proportion of households served by regular waste collection, (3) proportion of households with two or more toilets, (4) proportion of households receiving tap water, (5) average income per household, (6) percentage of white people, and (7) literacy rate. Based on the UHI methodology, all health indicators were standardized and aggregated into a single metric at the census tract level. The UHI scores were ranked and plotted. The disparity ratio and the graph slope were calculated. The correlation between indicators was tested. Results were geocoded to produce a map of health risks. Results: The distribution of index values showed a linear middle section and deviations at each end. The disparity ratio found was 2.95, while the slope was 0.30. All indicators were significantly correlated. The map displayed a typical pattern of health inequality between the downtown and the periphery. The tracts located in the city’s downtown had higher UHI values than those on the outskirts. Conclusions: The results of this study presented a visual distribution of health disparities in the city of São Paulo, proving to be a valuable method for identifying areas that require public health attention.
AB - Objective: To calculate and map the health inequalities in the city of São Paulo using the Urban Health Index (UHI) methodology. Methods: Seven indicators were selected from the Brazilian census: (1) proportion of households with access to sewage systems, (2) proportion of households served by regular waste collection, (3) proportion of households with two or more toilets, (4) proportion of households receiving tap water, (5) average income per household, (6) percentage of white people, and (7) literacy rate. Based on the UHI methodology, all health indicators were standardized and aggregated into a single metric at the census tract level. The UHI scores were ranked and plotted. The disparity ratio and the graph slope were calculated. The correlation between indicators was tested. Results were geocoded to produce a map of health risks. Results: The distribution of index values showed a linear middle section and deviations at each end. The disparity ratio found was 2.95, while the slope was 0.30. All indicators were significantly correlated. The map displayed a typical pattern of health inequality between the downtown and the periphery. The tracts located in the city’s downtown had higher UHI values than those on the outskirts. Conclusions: The results of this study presented a visual distribution of health disparities in the city of São Paulo, proving to be a valuable method for identifying areas that require public health attention.
KW - Brazil
KW - Geographic information systems
KW - Public health
KW - Social determinants of health
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126678594&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1590/1980-549720220005
DO - 10.1590/1980-549720220005
M3 - Article
C2 - 35293426
AN - SCOPUS:85126678594
SN - 1415-790X
VL - 25
JO - Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
JF - Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
M1 - E220005
ER -