Indian Ocean fisheries contribute substantially to the food security, livelihoods, employment and economy of more than 800 million people, most of whom live in developing countries. However, the marine resources and ecosystems of the region are threatened by over-fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. It is critical to understand better the interplay between catches, the biomass status of fish stocks, their nutritional content, and the role played by subsidies and global trade in order to balance the conservation of marine resources with the need for nutrient security and nutritional equity. My PhD will contribute to the development of more nutrient-sensitive fisheries management policies that ensure essential nutrients from fish are available to those that need them most. My project will inter-connect, harmonise, map and analyse the nutritional composition of the in-water fish biomass as well as catches of exploited taxa, to provide a comprehensive picture of the available marine resource nutrient loads, and identify nutritionally important hotspots. The seafood trade network and the intensity of fisheries subsidies distributed in the region are then explored to understand the allocation of the nutrients between countries and the fisheries economic viability. Finally, I will investigate which countries benefit from protecting nutrient-dense hotspots and eliminating harmful subsidies.